Moneta d'oro Usain Bolt firmata Olimpiadi corridore veloce corsa Parigi 2024 Sprinter JAM

EUR 6,99 0 Offerte o Proposta d'acquisto 3d 5h 32m 33s, EUR 7,10 Spedizione, 30-Giorno Restituzione, Garanzia cliente eBay
Venditore: lasvegasormonaco ✉️ (3.239) 99.7%, Luogo in cui si trova l'oggetto: Manchester, Take a look at my other items, GB, Spedizione verso: WORLDWIDE, Numero oggetto: 266732663769 Moneta d'oro Usain Bolt firmata Olimpiadi corridore veloce corsa Parigi 2024 Sprinter JAM.   Usain Bolt Commemorative Coin Gold Plated Usain Bolt Coin One Side has an image of Bolt doing his famous Lightning Bolt Stance The Jamaican Flag is across his shoulders and a illustration of him with his autograph It has a athletics running track with the words "World Record Holder" & his name "Usain Bolt" It also has his records 100m - 9.58 - Berlin 200m - 19.19 - Berlin 4 x 100m - 36.84 - London The back has the logo from the 2009 Berlin World Championship it has an image of him winning the 100m with his name "Usain Bolt" and the words "World Record Holder in the 100m , 200m and the times 9.58s & 19.19s with lightning bolts The coin is 40mm in diameter and 3 mm thick , it weighs about 1 oz. Comes in air-tight acrylic coin holder In Excellent Condition As with all my auctions bidding starts at 1p with no reserve!
Would make an Excellent Present or Collectable Keepsake souvenir of a truly great and remarkable athlete Click Here to Check out my other Sporting Items Bid with Confidence - Check My 100% Positive Feedback from over 2000 Satisfied Customers I have over 10 years of Ebay Selling Experience - So Why Not Treat Yourself? I have got married recently and need to raise funds to meet the costs also we are planning to move into a house together  I always combined postage on multiple items Instant Feedback Automatically Left Immediately after Receiving Payment All Items Sent out within 24 hours of Receiving Payment.

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See all media Category: Arts & Culture In full: Usain St. Leo Bolt Born: August 21, 1986, Montego Bay, Jamaica (age 37) Awards And Honors: Olympic Games Recent News Jan. 18, 2024, 5:15 AM ET (Yahoo News) Usain Bolt, Who Lost Millions to Jamaican Investment Firm ... Top Questions How did Usain Bolt become famous? What was Usain Bolt’s childhood like? What did Usain Bolt accomplish? Usain Bolt (born August 21, 1986, Montego Bay, Jamaica) Jamaican sprinter who won gold medals in the 100-metre and 200-metre races in an unprecedented three straight Olympic Games and is widely considered the greatest sprinter of all time. Bolt, the son of grocers in Jamaica’s rural Trelawny parish, excelled as a cricket fast bowler in his preteen years. He developed a deep affection for the European football (soccer) teams Real Madrid and Manchester United, but his school coaches steered him toward track and field. Bolt first marked himself as a track prodigy at the 2002 world junior championships. In that meet, racing before a crowd of 36,000 in Jamaica’s National Stadium in Kingston, Bolt—just 15 years old at the time—won gold in the 200 metres, becoming the youngest-ever male world junior champion in any event. At age 16 Bolt cut the junior (age 19 and under) 200-metre world record to 20.13 sec, and at 17 he ran the event in 19.93 sec, becoming the first teenager to break 20 seconds in the race. However, hampered by a hamstring injury, he failed to advance beyond the 200-metre heats at the 2004 Olympics in Athens and placed last in the 2005 world track-and-field championships final. Former U.S. Army World Class Athlete Program bobsledder Steven Holcomb, front, is greeted at the finish line after teaming with Justin Olsen, Steve Mesler and Curtis Tomasevicz to win the first Olympic bobsleigh gold medal in 62 years for Team USA ,(cont) Britannica Quiz The Olympic Games At 6 feet 5 inches (1.96 metres), Bolt defied the conventional wisdom that very tall sprinters are disadvantaged as fast starters. In 2007 he appeared newly dedicated to his training and earned a silver medal in the 200 metres at the world championships. He also persuaded his coach to let him try the 100 metres, and he ran 10.03 sec in his first professional race at the distance. On May 3, 2008, he lowered his best time to 9.76 sec, then the world’s second fastest mark. Four weeks later in New York City, Bolt broke the world record, running 9.72 sec to defeat world champion Tyson Gay. Usain Bolt Usain Bolt Usain Bolt, 2008. Usain Bolt Usain Bolt Usain Bolt holding the Jamaican flag after setting a world record in the 100-metre race at the Beijing Olympics, August 2008. At the 2008 Olympic Games, Bolt became the first man since American Carl Lewis in 1984 to win the 100 metres, 200 metres, and 4 × 100-metre relay in a single Olympics and the first ever to set world records (9.69 sec, 19.30 sec, and 37.10 sec, respectively) in all three events. (However, a failed drug test by one of his 4 × 100 teammates led to Bolt’s having his gold medal in that event stripped.) His 0.66-sec winning margin in the 200-metre race was the largest in Olympic history, and his 0.20-sec edge over the second-place finisher in the 100 metres, despite beginning his victory celebration about 80 metres into the race, was the largest since Lewis won by the same margin. At the 2009 world championships, Bolt shattered his 100-metre record, winning the event final in 9.58 sec. Four days later he broke his own 200-metre record by the same 0.11-sec margin to win a second gold medal at the world championships. Bolt was the heavy favourite in the sprint events heading into the 2011 world championships, but a false start disqualified him from the 100-metre final. Despite failing to medal in his signature race, Bolt recovered to capture golds in the 200 metres and the 4 × 100-metre relay, helping to set a new world record in the latter event. At the 2012 Olympics in London, Bolt defended his titles in the 100-metre and 200-metre events (setting an Olympic record in the former) to become the first person to win both races in consecutive Olympiads. In 2013 he won three gold medals at the world championships (100 metres, 200 metres, and 4 × 100-metre relay). Usain Bolt Usain Bolt Usain Bolt of Jamaica winning the men's 100-metre sprint final ahead of Justin Gatlin of the United States at the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games. At the 2015 world championships Bolt again won gold medals in his three signature events (100 metres, 200 metres, and 4 × 100-metre relay), and his fourth career 200-metre gold extended his record for most wins in that race at the world championships. He cemented his role as the best sprinter in history at the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games, where he captured golds in the 100-metre, 200-metre, and 4 × 100-metre relay events, becoming the first person to win golds in the two individual sprints in three straight Olympics. He retired from athletics after the 2017 world championships, where he won a bronze medal in the 100-metre sprint and finished in eighth place as a member of the 4 × 100-metre relay team after injuring a hamstring during the final. Special offer for students! Check out our special academic rate and excel this spring semester! Bolt published a memoir, My Story: 9:58: The World’s Fastest Man (written with Shaun Custis), in 2010. It was expanded and reissued as The Fastest Man Alive: The True Story of Usain Bolt in 2012. Sieg Lindstrom The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica sprint Table of Contents Introduction References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics Images Start of a women's 100-metre sprint Quizzes Assorted sports balls including a basketball, football, soccer ball, tennis ball, baseball and others. American Sports Nicknames Related Questions What is Jesse Owens known for? What was Jesse Owens’s life like before the Berlin Olympics? Was Jesse Owens snubbed by Hitler at the Berlin Olympics? What was Jesse Owens’s life like after the Berlin Olympics? Read Next Car with a pickle design in the Zagreb Red Bull Soapbox Race, Zagreb, Croatia, September 14, 2019. (games, races, sports) 10 Unusual Sports Start of Men's 100 meter sprint where Usain Bolt wins and sets a new world record at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games August 18, 2008 in Beijing, China. How Fast Is the World’s Fastest Human? Berlin, 1936 - Jesse Owens of the USA in action in the mens 200m at the Summer Olympic Games. Owens won a total of four gold medals. Was Jesse Owens Snubbed by Adolf Hitler at the Berlin Olympics? Jamaica's Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce reacts after winning the women's 400 meter-relay during the World Atheletics Championships in Moscow on Aug. 18, 2013. Olympics: Athletics Barbadian singer Rihanna, 2018. Famous West Indians in Sports and Entertainment Discover The Colosseum, Rome, Italy.  Giant amphitheatre built in Rome under the Flavian emperors. (ancient architecture; architectural ruins) New Seven Wonders of the World Periodical Cicada, Adult, Magicicada spp. Requires 17 years to complete development. Nymph splits its skin, and transforms into an adult. Feeds on sap of tree roots. Northern Illinois Brood. This brood is the largest emergence of cicadas anywhere Why Do Some Cicadas Appear Only Every 17 Years? Close up of books. Stack of books, pile of books, literature, reading. Homepage 2010, arts and entertainment, history and society 12 Novels Considered the “Greatest Book Ever Written” Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) standing on rock, side view, Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya The Fastest Animals on Earth King George V of Britain, c. 1910, shortly after his accession to the throne How Did King George V Really Die? Illustration of human head with brain waves (medicine, medical, anatomy). Are There Really Right-Brained and Left-Brained People? Article title: raven, common. Scientific name: Corvus corax; animal; bird 8 Creepy Critters in the Work of Edgar Allan Poe Home Sports & Recreation Olympic Sports Arts & Culture sprint running      Also known as: dash Written and fact-checked by  Last Updated: Article History Start of a women's 100-metre sprint sprint See all media Category: Arts & Culture Also called: dash Key People: Jesse Owens Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce Allyson Felix Shirley Strickland de la Hunty Charley Paddock Related Topics: running 100-metre race 200-metre race Sprint, in athletics (track and field), a footrace over a short distance with an all-out or nearly all-out burst of speed, the chief distances being 100, 200, and 400 metres and 100, 220, and 440 yards. The course for sprint races is usually marked off in lanes within which each runner must remain for the entire race. Originally sprinters used a standing start, but after 1884 sprinters started from a crouched position using a device called a starting block (legalized in the 1930s) to brace their feet (see photograph). Races are begun by a pistol shot; at 55 to 65 metres (60 to 70 yards), top sprinters attain maximum speed, more than 40 km per hour (25 miles per hour). After the 65-metre mark the runner begins to lose speed through fatigue. Assorted sports balls including a basketball, football, soccer ball, tennis ball, baseball and others. Britannica Quiz American Sports Nicknames All important international races at 200 metres and 220 yards, as well as 400 metres and 440 yards, are run on an oval track. The starts are staggered (the lanes farther from the centre begin progressively farther forward on the track) so that each runner will cover an equal distance. As a result, the competitors, particularly in the 400 metres and 440 yards, have no exact knowledge of their respective positions until they have completed the final turn. Great emphasis is therefore placed on an athlete’s ability to judge his own pace, as well as upon his speed and endurance. running Table of Contents Introduction References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics Images Frank Caldeira finishing first in the marathon at the Pan American Sports Games, Rio de Janeiro, 2007.ancient Olympic Games Quizzes Assorted sports balls including a basketball, football, soccer ball, tennis ball, baseball and others. American Sports Nicknames Usain Bolt of Jamaica reacts after breaking the world record with a time of 19.30 to win the gold medal as Churandy Martina (left) of Netherlands Antilles and Brian Dzingai of Zimbabwe come in after him in the Men's 200m Final at the National Stadium during Day 12 of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games on August 20, 2008 in Beijing, China. (Summer Olympics, track and field, athletics) I Am the Greatest (Athlete) Read Next Start of Men's 100 meter sprint where Usain Bolt wins and sets a new world record at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games August 18, 2008 in Beijing, China. How Fast Is the World’s Fastest Human? Car with a pickle design in the Zagreb Red Bull Soapbox Race, Zagreb, Croatia, September 14, 2019. (games, races, sports) 10 Unusual Sports Ancient Olympic games. infographic, equestrian events, pentathlon, running events, boxing, wrestling, pankration, sports. SPOTLIGHT VERSION Events of the Ancient Olympic Games Start of Men's 100 meter sprint where Usain Bolt wins and sets a new world record at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games August 18, 2008 in Beijing, China. How Fast Is the World’s Fastest Human? Car with a pickle design in the Zagreb Red Bull Soapbox Race, Zagreb, Croatia, September 14, 2019. (games, races, sports) 10 Unusual Sports Discover Shadow of a man holding large knife in his hand inside of some dark, spooky buiding 7 of History's Most Notorious Serial Killers  United States Electoral College votes by state How Many Electoral College Votes Does Each U.S. State Have? The Colosseum, Rome, Italy.  Giant amphitheatre built in Rome under the Flavian emperors. (ancient architecture; architectural ruins) New Seven Wonders of the World Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) standing on rock, side view, Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya The Fastest Animals on Earth Periodical Cicada, Adult, Magicicada spp. Requires 17 years to complete development. Nymph splits its skin, and transforms into an adult. Feeds on sap of tree roots. Northern Illinois Brood. This brood is the largest emergence of cicadas anywhere Why Do Some Cicadas Appear Only Every 17 Years? Ahura Mazda - relief of the Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda at the ancient ruins of Persepolis in Iran. Also known as Ormazd Zoroastrianism, Which Religion Is the Oldest? Article title: raven, common. Scientific name: Corvus corax; animal; bird 8 Creepy Critters in the Work of Edgar Allan Poe Home Sports & Recreation Olympic Sports Arts & Culture running athletics      Also known as: track athletics, track event Written and fact-checked by  Last Updated: Dec 21, 2023 • Article History Frank Caldeira finishing first in the marathon at the Pan American Sports Games, Rio de Janeiro, 2007. running See all media Category: Arts & Culture Key People: Laurence E. Myers Jim Ryun Related Topics: hurdling orienteering marathon cross-country Boston Marathon Notable Honorees: Lee Evans Running, footracing over a variety of distances and courses and numbering among the most popular sports in nearly all times and places. Modern competitive running ranges from sprints (dashes), with their emphasis on continuous high speed, to grueling long-distance and marathon races, requiring great endurance. See also athletics; cross-country; hurdling; long-distance running; marathon; middle-distance running; relay race; sprint; steeplechase. For walk racing, see walking. Running is also a popular noncompetitive recreation that can produce important physiological benefits. See jogging. Usain Bolt of Jamaica reacts after breaking the world record with a time of 19.30 to win the gold medal as Churandy Martina (left) of Netherlands Antilles and Brian Dzingai of Zimbabwe come in after him in the Men's 200m Final at the National Stadium during Day 12 of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games on August 20, 2008 in Beijing, China. (Summer Olympics, track and field, athletics) Britannica Quiz I Am the Greatest (Athlete) sports Table of Contents Introduction History Sociology of sports Psychology of sports Gambling and sports References & Edit History Related Topics Images & Videos Argentina celebrating its 2022 World Cup victoryknights jousting Learn about the history of the medieval sport of jousting early baseball game Learn how directors coordinate commercials and different live broadcast shows Quizzes Cricket bat and ball. cricket sport of cricket.Homepage blog 2011, arts and entertainment, history and society, sports and games athletics Sports Quiz horse racing. thoroughbred racing. Jockeys in racing silks race horses on an oval grass race track. Turn Up the Heat Assorted sports balls including a basketball, football, soccer ball, tennis ball, baseball and others. American Sports Nicknames Bobby Riggs (bottom) and Billie Jean King during the "Battle of the Sexes" match at the Houston Astrodome, Texas, September 20, 1973. (tennis) Sports Moments Nicknames Quiz Usain Bolt of Jamaica reacts after breaking the world record with a time of 19.30 to win the gold medal as Churandy Martina (left) of Netherlands Antilles and Brian Dzingai of Zimbabwe come in after him in the Men's 200m Final at the National Stadium during Day 12 of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games on August 20, 2008 in Beijing, China. (Summer Olympics, track and field, athletics) I Am the Greatest (Athlete) Read Next golf. Competitive and cheating golfer wears golf gloves on golf club greens and prepares golf ball for lucky hole in one. Unsportsmanlike, sports, cheater 7 Unsportsmanlike Sportsmen Car with a pickle design in the Zagreb Red Bull Soapbox Race, Zagreb, Croatia, September 14, 2019. (games, races, sports) 10 Unusual Sports Olympic torch illustration surrounded by sports in the summer games How Are Sports Chosen for the Olympics? NBA Lakers Celtics Finals Kevin Garnett shooting. 10 Great Sports Rivalries An old worn baseball and wood bat Who Really Invented Baseball? Discover An ancient egyptian hieroglyphic painted carving showing the falcon headed god Horus seated on a throne and holding a golden fly whisk. Before him are the Pharoah Seti and the goddess Isis. Interior wall of the temple to Osiris at Abydos, Egypt. 11 Egyptian Gods and Goddesses United States Electoral College votes by state How Many Electoral College Votes Does Each U.S. State Have? Article title: raven, common. Scientific name: Corvus corax; animal; bird 8 Creepy Critters in the Work of Edgar Allan Poe Ahura Mazda - relief of the Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda at the ancient ruins of Persepolis in Iran. Also known as Ormazd Zoroastrianism, Which Religion Is the Oldest? Start of Men's 100 meter sprint where Usain Bolt wins and sets a new world record at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games August 18, 2008 in Beijing, China. How Fast Is the World’s Fastest Human? Coriander leaves, fresh green cilantro on wooden background, herbs Why Does Cilantro Taste Like Soap to Some People? Obscure Freaky Smiling Psycho Man, phsychopath, sociopath, evil, mean What’s the Difference Between a Psychopath and a Sociopath? And How Do Both Differ from Narcissists? Home Entertainment & Pop Culture Leisure & Nightlife Arts & Culture sports      Written by  See All Fact-checked by  Last Updated: Dec 22, 2023 • Article History Argentina celebrating its 2022 World Cup victory Argentina celebrating its 2022 World Cup victory See all media Category: Arts & Culture Key People: Al Michaels Bud Selig Vin Scully Mukesh Ambani Damon Runyon Related Topics: baseball boxing golf American football winter sports Sports, physical contests pursued for the goals and challenges they entail. Sports are part of every culture past and present, but each culture has its own definition of sports. The most useful definitions are those that clarify the relationship of sports to play, games, and contests. “Play,” wrote the German theorist Carl Diem, “is purposeless activity, for its own sake, the opposite of work.” Humans work because they have to; they play because they want to. Play is autotelic—that is, it has its own goals. It is voluntary and uncoerced. Recalcitrant children compelled by their parents or teachers to compete in a game of football (soccer) are not really engaged in a sport. Neither are professional athletes if their only motivation is their paycheck. In the real world, as a practical matter, motives are frequently mixed and often quite impossible to determine. Unambiguous definition is nonetheless a prerequisite to practical determinations about what is and is not an example of play. There are at least two types of play. The first is spontaneous and unconstrained. Examples abound. A child sees a flat stone, picks it up, and sends it skipping across the waters of a pond. An adult realizes with a laugh that he has uttered an unintended pun. Neither action is premeditated, and both are at least relatively free of constraint. The second type of play is regulated. There are rules to determine which actions are legitimate and which are not. These rules transform spontaneous play into games, which can thus be defined as rule-bound or regulated play. Leapfrog, chess, “playing house,” and basketball are all games, some with rather simple rules, others governed by a somewhat more complex set of regulations. In fact, the rule books for games such as basketball are hundreds of pages long. As games, chess and basketball are obviously different from leapfrog and playing house. The first two games are competitive, the second two are not. One can win a game of basketball, but it makes no sense to ask who has won a game of leapfrog. In other words, chess and basketball are contests. A final distinction separates contests into two types: those that require at least a minimum of physical skill and those that do not. Shuffleboard is a good example of the first; the board games Scrabble and Monopoly will do to exemplify the second. It must of course be understood that even the simplest sports, such as weightlifting, require a modicum of intellectual effort, while others, such as baseball, involve a considerable amount of mental alertness. It must also be understood that the sports that have most excited the passions of humankind, as participants and as spectators, have required a great deal more physical prowess than a game of shuffleboard. Through the ages, sports heroes have demonstrated awesome strength, speed, stamina, endurance, and dexterity. Serena Williams poses with the Daphne Akhurst Trophy after winning the Women's Singles final against Venus Williams of the United States on day 13 of the 2017 Australian Open at Melbourne Park on January 28, 2017 in Melbourne, Australia. (tennis, sports) Britannica Quiz Great Moments in Sports Quiz levels of play Sports, then, can be defined as autotelic (played for their own sake) physical contests. On the basis of this definition, one can devise a simple inverted-tree diagram. Despite the clarity of the definition, difficult questions arise. Is mountain climbing a sport? It is if one understands the activity as a contest between the climber and the mountain or as a competition between climbers to be the first to accomplish an ascent. Are the drivers at the Indianapolis 500 automobile race really athletes? They are if one believes that at least a modicum of physical skill is required for winning the competition. The point of a clear definition is that it enables one to give more or less satisfactory answers to questions such as these. One can hardly understand sport if one does not begin with some conception of what sports are. History No one can say when sports began. Since it is impossible to imagine a time when children did not spontaneously run races or wrestle, it is clear that children have always included sports in their play, but one can only speculate about the emergence of sports as autotelic physical contests for adults. Hunters are depicted in prehistoric art, but it cannot be known whether the hunters pursued their prey in a mood of grim necessity or with the joyful abandon of sportsmen. It is certain, however, from the rich literary and iconographic evidence of all ancient civilizations that hunting soon became an end in itself—at least for royalty and nobility. Archaeological evidence also indicates that ball games were common among ancient peoples as different as the Chinese and the Aztecs. If ball games were contests rather than noncompetitive ritual performances, such as the Japanese football game kemari, then they were sports in the most rigorously defined sense. That it cannot simply be assumed that they were contests is clear from the evidence presented by Greek and Roman antiquity, which indicates that ball games had been for the most part playful pastimes like those recommended for health by the Greek physician Galen in the 2nd century CE. Summer Olympic Games Article Talk Read Edit View history Tools From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Olympic Summer Games" redirects here. For the video game, see Olympic Summer Games (video game). Olympic Games Olympic Rings Main topics BidsBoycottsCeremoniesCharterHost citiesIFsIOCMedalMedal tablesMedalistsNOCsOlympismPierre de Coubertin medalScandals and controversiesSportsSymbolsTelevisionTorch relaysVenuesWomen participation Games SummerWinter YouthEsports AfricanAsianEuropeanPacificPan-American AncientIntercalated vte The Summer Olympic Games (known in French as "Jeux olympiques d'été"), also known as the Games of the Olympiad, and often referred to as the Summer Olympics, is a major international multi-sport event normally held once every four years on leap years (except 1900 and 2021). The inaugural Games took place in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and the most recent Games were held in 2021 in Tokyo, Japan. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is responsible for organising the Games and for overseeing the host city's preparations.[1] The tradition of awarding medals began in 1904; in each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals for second place, and bronze medals for third place. The Winter Olympic Games were created out of the success of the Summer Olympic Games, which are regarded as the largest and most prestigious multi-sport international event in the world. The Summer Olympics have increased in scope from a 42-event competition programme in 1896 with fewer than 250 male competitors from 14 nations, to 339 events in 2021 with 11,420 competitors (almost half of whom were women) from 206 nations. The Games have been held in nineteen countries over five continents: four times in the United States (1904, 1932, 1984, and 1996); three times in Great Britain (1908, 1948, and 2012); twice each in Greece (1896 and 2004), France (1900 and 1924), Germany (1936 and 1972), Australia (1956 and 2000), and Japan (1964 and 2020); and once each in Sweden (1912), Belgium (1920), the Netherlands (1928), Finland (1952), Italy (1960), Mexico (1968), Canada (1976), the Soviet Union (1980), South Korea (1988), Spain (1992), China (2008), and Brazil (2016). London was the first city to host the Summer Olympic Games three times. As of 2022, Paris, Los Angeles, Athens and Tokyo have each hosted twice; Paris will host for the third time in 2024, followed by Los Angeles which will host the Games in 2028.[2] Only five countries have participated in every Summer Olympic Games: Australia, France, Great Britain, Greece, and Switzerland. Australia, France and Great Britain have won at least a medal at every edition of the Games, with Great Britain as the only one to win gold each time. The United States leads the all-time medal count at the Summer Olympics, and has topped the medal table on 18 separate occasions—followed by the USSR (six times), and France, Great Britain, Germany, China, and the ex-Soviet 'Unified Team' (once each). Hosting Map of Summer Olympic Games locations – countries that have hosted one Summer Olympics are shaded green, while countries that have hosted two or more are shaded blue. The United States hosted the Summer Olympic Games four times: the 1904 Games were held in St. Louis, Missouri; the 1932 and 1984 Games were both held in Los Angeles, California, and the 1996 Games were held in Atlanta, Georgia. The 2028 Games in Los Angeles will mark the fifth occasion on which the Summer Games have been hosted by the U.S. In 2012, Great Britain hosted its third Summer Olympic Games in London, which became the first city ever to have hosted the Summer Olympic Games three times. The cities of Los Angeles, Paris, and Athens (excluding 1906) have each hosted two Summer Olympic Games. In 2024, France will host its third Summer Olympic Games in its capital, making Paris the second city ever to have hosted three Summer Olympics. In 2028, Los Angeles will in turn become the third city ever to have hosted the Games three times. Australia, France, Germany, Greece and Japan all hosted the Summer Olympic Games twice (with France and Australia planned to host in 2024 and 2032, respectively, taking both countries to three each). Tokyo, Japan, hosted the 2020 Games and became the first city outside the predominantly English-speaking and European nations to have hosted the Summer Olympics twice, having already hosted the Games in 1964;[3] it is also the largest city ever to have hosted, having grown considerably since 1964. The other countries to have hosted the Summer Olympics are Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Finland, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, South Korea, Soviet Union, Spain, and Sweden, with each of these countries having hosted the Summer Games on one occasion. Asia has hosted the Summer Olympics four times: in Tokyo (1964 and 2020), Seoul (1988), and Beijing (2008). The 2016 Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were the first Summer Olympics to be held in South America and the first that was held completely during the local "winter" season. The only two countries in the Southern Hemisphere to have hosted the Summer Olympics have been Australia (1956, 2000, and upcoming 2032) and Brazil (2016), with Africa having yet to host any Summer Olympics. Stockholm, Sweden, has hosted events at two Summer Olympics, having been sole host of the 1912 Games, and hosting the equestrian events at the 1956 Summer Olympics (which they are credited as jointly hosting with Melbourne, Australia).[4] Amsterdam, Netherlands, has also hosted events at two Summer Olympic Games, having been sole host of the 1928 Games and previously hosting two of the sailing races at the 1920 Summer Olympics. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Hong Kong provided the venues for the equestrian events, which took place in Sha Tin and Kwu Tung. History Early years The opening ceremony of the first modern Olympic Games in the Panathenaic Stadium, Athens The International Olympic Committee (IOC) was founded in 1894 when Pierre de Coubertin, a French pedagogue and historian, sought to promote international understanding through sporting competition. The first edition of The Olympic Games was held in Athens in 1896 and attracted just 245 competitors, of whom more than 200 were Greek, and only 14 countries were represented. Nevertheless, no international events of this magnitude had been organised before. Female athletes were not allowed to compete, though one woman, Stamata Revithi, ran the marathon course on her own, saying "If the committee doesn't let me compete I will go after them regardless".[5] The 1896 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event which was celebrated in Athens, Greece, from 6 to 15 April 1896. It was the first Olympic Games held in the modern era. About 100,000 people attended for the opening of the games. The athletes came from 14 nations, with most coming from Greece. Although Greece had the most athletes, the U.S. finished with the most champions. 11 Americans placed first in their events vs. the 10 from Greece.[6] Ancient Greece was the birthplace of the Olympic Games, consequently Athens was perceived to be an appropriate choice to stage the inaugural modern Games. It was unanimously chosen as the host city during a congress organised by Pierre de Coubertin in Paris, on 23 June 1894. The IOC was also established during this congress. Despite many obstacles and setbacks, the 1896 Olympics were regarded as a great success. The Games had the largest international participation of any sporting event to that date. Panathinaiko Stadium, the first big stadium in the modern world, overflowed with the largest crowd ever to watch a sporting event.[7] The highlight for the Greeks was the Marathon victory by their compatriot Spiridon Louis, a water carrier. He won in 2 hours, 58 minutes and 50 seconds, setting off wild celebrations at the stadium. The most successful competitor was German wrestler and gymnast Carl Schuhmann, who won four gold medals. Greek officials and the public were enthusiastic about the experience of hosting an Olympic Games. This feeling was shared by many of the athletes, who even demanded that Athens be the permanent Olympic host city. The IOC intended for subsequent Games to be rotated to various host cities around the world. The second Olympics was held in Paris.[8] Four years later the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris attracted more than four times as many athletes, including 20 women, who were allowed to officially compete for the first time, in croquet, golf, sailing, and tennis. The Games were integrated with the Paris World's Fair and lasted over five months. It has been disputed which exact events were Olympic, as some events were for professionals, some had restricted eligibility, and others lacked international competitors. Francis Olympic Field of Washington University in St. Louis during the 1904 Summer Olympics Dorando Pietri finishes the modern marathon in 1908 at the current distance. Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and the difficulty of getting to St. Louis may have contributed to the fact that very few top-ranked athletes from outside the US and Canada took part in the 1904 Games.[9] The "Second International Olympic Games in Athens", as they were called at the time, were held in 1906.[10] The IOC does not currently recognise these games as being official Olympic Games, although many historians do and credit the 1906 games with preventing the demise of the Olympics. The 1906 Athens games were the first of an alternating series of games to be held in Athens in even non-Olympic years, but the series failed to materialise. The games were more successful than the 1900 and 1904 games, with over 850 athletes competing, and contributed positively to the success of future games. The 1908 London Games saw numbers rise again, as well as the first running of the marathon over its now-standard distance of 42.195  km (26 miles 385 yards). The first Olympic Marathon in 1896 (a male-only race) was raced at a distance of 40  km (24 miles 85 yards). The new marathon distance was chosen to ensure that the race finished in front of the box occupied by the British royal family. Thus the marathon had been 40 km (24.9 mi) for the first games in 1896, but was subsequently varied by up to 2 km (1.2 mi) due to local conditions such as street and stadium layout. At the six Olympic games between 1900 and 1920, the marathon was raced over six distances. The Games saw Great Britain winning 146 medals, 99 more than second-placed Americans, its best result to this day. At the end of the 1908 marathon, the Italian runner Dorando Pietri was first to enter the stadium, but he was clearly in distress and collapsed of exhaustion before he could complete the event. He was helped over the finish line by concerned race officials and later disqualified for that. As compensation for the missing medal, Queen Alexandra gave Pietri a gilded silver cup. Arthur Conan Doyle wrote a special report about the race in the Daily Mail.[11] The Games continued to grow, attracting 2,504 competitors, to Stockholm in 1912, including the great all-rounder Jim Thorpe, who won both the decathlon and pentathlon. Thorpe had previously played a few games of baseball for a fee, and saw his medals stripped for this 'breach' of amateurism after complaints from Avery Brundage. They were reinstated in 1983, 30 years after his death. The Games at Stockholm were the first to fulfil Pierre de Coubertin's original idea. For the first time since the Games started in 1896, all five inhabited continents were represented with athletes competing in the same stadium. The scheduled 1916 Summer Olympics were cancelled following the onset of World War I. Interwar era The 1920 Antwerp Games in war-ravaged Belgium were a subdued affair, but again drew a record number of competitors. This record only stood until 1924, when the Paris Games involved 3,000 competitors, the greatest of whom was Finnish runner Paavo Nurmi. The "Flying Finn" won three team gold medals and the individual 1,500 and 5,000 meter runs, the latter two on the same day.[12] The 1928 Amsterdam Games was notable for being the first games which allowed females to compete at track & field athletics, and benefited greatly from the general prosperity of the times alongside the first appearance of sponsorship of the games, from the Coca-Cola Company. The 1928 games saw the introduction of a standard medal design with the IOC, choosing Giuseppe Cassioli's depiction of Greek goddess Nike with a winner being carried by a crowd of people. This design was used up until 1972.[citation needed] The 1932 Los Angeles Games were affected by the Great Depression, which contributed to the low number of competitors. Olympiastadion in Berlin, during the 1936 Games The 1936 Berlin Games were seen by the German government as a golden opportunity to promote their ideology. The ruling Nazi Party commissioned film-maker Leni Riefenstahl to film the games. The result, Olympia, was widely considered to be a masterpiece, despite Hitler's theories of Aryan racial superiority being repeatedly shown up by "non-Aryan" athletes. In particular, African-American sprinter and long jumper Jesse Owens won four gold medals. The 1936 Berlin Games also saw the introduction of the Torch Relay.[13] Due to World War II, the 1940 Games (due to be held in Tokyo and temporarily relocated to Helsinki upon the outbreak of war) were cancelled. The 1944 Games were due to be held in London but were also cancelled; instead, London hosted the first games after the end of the war, in 1948. After World War II The first post-war Games were held in 1948 in London, with both Germany and Japan excluded.[14] Dutch sprinter Fanny Blankers-Koen won four gold medals on the track, emulating Owens' achievement in Berlin.[15] At the 1952 Helsinki Games, the USSR team competed for the first time and quickly emerged as one of the dominant teams, finishing second in the number of gold and overall medals won. Their immediate success might be explained by the advent of the state-sponsored "full-time amateur athlete". The USSR entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis, hence violating amateur rules.[16][17][18][19][20] Finland made a legend of an amiable Czechoslovak Army lieutenant named Emil Zátopek, who was intent on improving on his single gold and silver medals from 1948. Having first won both the 10,000- and 5,000-meter races, he also entered the marathon, despite having never previously raced at that distance. Pacing himself by chatting with the other race leaders, Zátopek led from about halfway, slowly dropping the remaining contenders to win by two and a half minutes, and completed a trio of wins.[21] The 1956 Melbourne Games were largely successful, with the exception of a water polo match between Hungary and the Soviet Union, which ended in a pitched battle between the teams on account of the Soviet invasion of Hungary.[22] The equestrian events were held in Stockholm due to a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in Britain at the time and the strict quarantine laws of Australia. At the 1960 Rome Games, a young light-heavyweight boxer named Cassius Clay, later known as Muhammad Ali, arrived on the scene. Ali would later throw his gold medal away in disgust after being refused service in a whites-only restaurant in his home town of Louisville, Kentucky.[23] He was awarded a new medal 36 years later at the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta.[24] Other notable performers in 1960 included Wilma Rudolph, a gold medallist in the 100 meters, 200 meters, and 4 × 100 meters relay events.[25] The 1964 Tokyo Games were the first to be broadcast worldwide on television, enabled by the recent advent of communication satellites.[26] These Games marked a turning point in the global visibility and popularity of the Olympics and are credited for heralding the modern age of telecommunications. Judo debuted as an official sport, and Dutch judoka Anton Geesink caused a stir when he won the final of the open weight division, defeating Akio Kaminaga in front of his home crowd.[27] The opening ceremony for the 1968 Games, in Mexico City, the first held in Latin America Performances at the 1968 Games in Mexico City were affected by the altitude of the host city.[28] These Games introduced the now-universal Fosbury flop, a technique which won American high jumper Dick Fosbury the gold medal.[29] In the medal award ceremony for the men's 200-meter race, black American athletes Tommie Smith (gold medal winner) and John Carlos (bronze medal winner) took a stand for civil rights by raising their black-gloved fists and wearing black socks in lieu of shoes.[30] The two athletes were subsequently expelled from the Games by the IOC. Věra Čáslavská, in protest against the 1968 Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia, and the controversial decision by the judges on the balance beam and floor, turned her head down and away from the Soviet flag while the national anthem was played during the medal ceremony.[31] She returned home as a heroine of the Czechoslovak people but was made an outcast by the Soviet-dominated government. The Olympic flag at halfmast in Kiel (host city of the sailing events), after the Munich massacre at 1972 Games Politics again intervened at the 1972 Games in Munich, but this time with lethal consequences. A Palestinian terrorist group named Black September invaded the Olympic village and broke into the apartment of the Israeli delegation. They killed two Israelis and held nine others as hostages, demanding that Israel release numerous prisoners. When the Israeli government refused the terrorists' demands, the situation developed into a tense stand-off while negotiations continued. Eventually, the captors, still holding their hostages, were offered safe passage and taken to an airport, where they were ambushed by German security forces. In the ensuing firefight, 15 people were killed, including the nine captive Israeli athletes and five of the terrorists.[32] After much debate, the decision was taken to continue the Games, but the proceedings were understandably dominated by these events.[33] Some memorable athletic achievements did occur during these Games, notably the winning of a then-record seven gold medals by United States swimmer Mark Spitz, Finland's Lasse Virén taking back-to-back gold medals in the 5,000 meters and 10,000 meters, and the winning of three gold medals by Soviet gymnastic star Olga Korbut, who achieved a historic backflip off the high bar. There was no such tragedy at the 1976 Montreal Games, but bad planning and fraud led to the cost of these Games far exceeding the budget. Costing $1.5 billion (equivalent to $6.83 billion in 2021),[34][35] the 1976 Summer Games were the most expensive in Olympic history (until the 2014 Winter Olympics) and it seemed, for a time, that the Olympics might no longer be a viable financial proposition. In retrospect, it is believed that contractors (suspected of being members of the Montreal Mafia) skimmed large sums of money from all levels of contracts while also profiting from the substitution of cheaper building materials of lesser quality, which may have contributed to the delays, poor construction, and excessive costs. In 1988, one such contractor, Giuseppe Zappia "was cleared of fraud charges that resulted from his work on Olympic facilities after two key witnesses died before testifying at his trial".[36] The 1976 Games were boycotted by many African nations as a protest against a recent tour of apartheid-run South Africa by the New Zealand national rugby union team.[37] Romanian gymnast Nadia Comăneci made history when she won the women's individual all-around gold medal with two of four possible perfect scores. She won two other individual events, with two perfect scores in the balance beam and all perfect scores in the uneven bars.[38] Lasse Virén repeated his double gold in the 5,000 and 10,000 meters, making him the first athlete to ever win the distance double twice.[39] End of the 20th century Following the Soviet Union's 1979 invasion of Afghanistan, 66 nations, including the United States, Canada, West Germany, and Japan, boycotted the 1980 Games held in Moscow. Eighty nations were represented at the Moscow Games – the smallest number since 1956. The boycott contributed to the 1980 Games being a less publicised and less competitive affair, which was dominated by the host country. In 1984, the Soviet Union and 13 Soviet allies retaliated by boycotting the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Romania and Yugoslavia, notably are the only two countries from the Eastern Bloc that did attend the 1984 Olympics. These games were perhaps the first games of a new era to make a profit. Although a boycott led by the Soviet Union depleted the field in certain sports, 140 National Olympic Committees took part, which was a record at the time.[40] The Games were also the first time mainland China (People's Republic) participated. According to British journalist Andrew Jennings, a KGB colonel stated that the agency's officers had posed as anti-doping authorities from the IOC to undermine doping tests and that Soviet athletes were "rescued with [these] tremendous efforts".[41] On the topic of the 1980 Summer Olympics, a 1989 Australian study said "There is hardly a medal winner at the Moscow Games, certainly not a gold medal winner, who is not on one sort of drug or another: usually several kinds. The Moscow Games might as well have been called the Chemists' Games."[41][42] Documents obtained in 2016 revealed the Soviet Union's plans for a statewide doping system in track and field in preparation for the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Dated prior to the country's decision to boycott the Games, the document detailed the existing steroids operations of the programme, along with suggestions for further enhancements.[43] The communication, directed to the Soviet Union's head of track and field, was prepared by Dr. Sergei Portugalov of the Institute for Physical Culture. Portugalov was also one of the main figures involved in the implementation of the Russian doping programme prior to the 2016 Summer Olympics.[43] The 1988 Games, in Seoul, was very well planned but the games were tainted when many of the athletes, most notably men's 100 metres winner Ben Johnson, failed mandatory drug tests. Despite splendid drug-free performances by many individuals, the number of people who failed screenings for performance-enhancing chemicals overshadowed the games. The 1992 Barcelona Games featured the admittance of players from one of the North American top leagues, the NBA, exemplified by but not limited to US basketball's "Dream Team". The 1992 games also saw the reintroduction to the Games of several smaller European states which had been annexed into the Soviet Union during World War II. At these games, gymnast Vitaly Scherbo set an inaugural medal record of five individual gold medals at a Summer Olympics, and equaled the inaugural record set by Eric Heiden at the 1980 Winter Olympics. By then the process of choosing a location for the Games had become a commercial concern; there were widespread allegations of corruption potentially affecting the IOC's decision process. At the Atlanta 1996 Summer Olympics, the highlight was 200 meters runner Michael Johnson annihilating the world record in front of a home crowd. Canadians savoured Donovan Bailey's recording gold medal run in the 100-meter dash. This was popularly felt to be an appropriate recompense for the previous national disgrace involving Ben Johnson. There were also emotional scenes, such as when Muhammad Ali, clearly affected by Parkinson's disease, lit the Olympic torch and received a replacement medal for the one he had discarded in 1960. The latter event took place in the basketball arena. The atmosphere at the Games was marred, however, when a bomb exploded during the celebration in Centennial Olympic Park. In June 2003, the principal suspect in this bombing, Eric Robert Rudolph, was arrested. The 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, were known as the "Games of the New Millennium". The 2000 Summer Olympics, held in Sydney, Australia, showcased individual performances by locals favorites Ian Thorpe in the pool and Cathy Freeman, an Indigenous Australian whose triumph in the 400 meters united a packed stadium., Briton Steve Redgrave who won a rowing gold medal in an unprecedented fifth consecutive Olympics, and Eric "the Eel" Moussambani, a swimmer from Equatorial Guinea, received wide media coverage when he completed the 100 meter freestyle swim in by far the slowest time in Olympic history. He nevertheless won the heat as both his opponents had been disqualified for false starts. His female compatriot Paula Barila Bolopa also received media attention for her record-slow and struggling but courageous performance. The Sydney Games also saw the first appearance of a joint North and South Korean contingent at the opening ceremonies, though they competed in all events as different teams. Controversy occurred in the Women's Artistic Gymnastics when the vaulting horse was set to the wrong height during the All-Around Competition. Start of the 21st century In 2004, the Olympic Games returned to their birthplace in Athens, Greece. At least $7.2 billion was spent on the 2004 Games, including $1.5 billion on security. Michael Phelps won his first Olympic medals, tallying six gold and two bronze medals. Pyrros Dimas, winning a bronze medal, became the most decorated weightlifter of all time with four Olympic medals, three gold and one bronze. Although unfounded reports of potential terrorism drove crowds away from the preliminary competitions at the first weekend of the Olympics (14–15 August 2004), attendance picked up as the Games progressed. A third of the tickets failed to sell,[44] but ticket sales still topped figures from the Seoul and Barcelona Olympics (1988 and 1992).[citation needed] IOC President Jacques Rogge characterised Greece's organisation as outstanding and its security precautions as flawless.[45] All 202 NOCs participated at the Athens Games with over 11,000 participants. The 2008 Summer Olympics was held in Beijing, People's Republic of China. Several new events were held, including the new discipline of BMX for both men and women. Women competed in the steeplechase for the first time. The fencing programme was expanded to include all six events for both men and women; previously, women had not been able to compete in team foil or sabre events, although women's team épée and men's team foil were dropped for these Games. Marathon swimming events were added, over the distance of 10 km (6.2 mi). Also, the doubles events in table tennis were replaced by team events.[46] American swimmer Michael Phelps set a record for gold medals at a single Games with eight, and tied the record of most gold medals by a single competitor previously held by both Eric Heiden and Vitaly Scherbo. Another notable star of the Games was Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt, who became the first male athlete ever to set world records in the finals of both the 100 and 200 metres in the same Games. Equestrian events were held in Hong Kong. London held the 2012 Summer Olympics, becoming the first city to host the Olympic Games three times. In his closing address, Jacques Rogge described the Games as "Happy and glorious". The host nation won 29 gold medals, the best haul for Great Britain since the 1908 Games in London. The United States returned to the top of the medal table after China dominated in 2008. The IOC had removed baseball and softball from the 2012 programme. The London Games were successful on a commercial level because they were the first in history to completely sell out every ticket, with as many as 1 million applications for 40,000 tickets for both the Opening Ceremony and the 100m Men's Sprint Final. Such was the demand for tickets to all levels of each event that there was controversy over seats being set aside for sponsors and National Delegations which went unused in the early days. A system of reallocation was put in place so the empty seats were filled throughout the Games. Recent Games The 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, had few attendees as a result of excluding public spectators amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Rio de Janeiro in Brazil hosted the 2016 Summer Olympics, becoming the first South American city to host the Olympics, the second Olympic host city in Latin America, after Mexico City in 1968, as well as the third city in the Southern Hemisphere to host the Olympics after Melbourne, Australia, in 1956 and Sydney, Australia, in 2000. The preparation for these Games was overshadowed by controversies, including political instability and an economic crisis in the host country, health and safety concerns surrounding the Zika virus, and significant pollution in the Guanabara Bay. However, these concerns were superseded by a state-sponsored doping scandal involving Russian athletes at the Winter Olympics held two years earlier, which affected the participation of its athletes in these Games.[47] The 2020 Summer Olympics were originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020 in Tokyo, Japan. The city was the fifth in history to host the Games twice and the first Asian city to have this title. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the then-Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, the IOC and the Tokyo Organising Committee announced that the 2020 Games were to be delayed until 2021, marking the first time that the Olympic Games have been postponed. Unlike previous Olympics, these Games took place without spectators due to concerns over COVID-19 and a state of emergency imposed in the host city.[48][49][50] Nevertheless, the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games featured many memorable moments and feats of technical excellence. One star of the games, the US gymnast Simone Biles, gracefully bowed out to focus on her mental health, but later returned to claim an individual bronze medal.[51] Norway's Karsten Warholm smashed his own world record in the 400m hurdles.[52] Sports Main article: Olympic sports There has been a total of 42 sports, spanning 55 disciplines, included in the Olympic programme at one point or another in the history of the Games. The schedule has comprised 33 sports for recent Summer Olympics (2020), with 32 sports planned for the next Summer Olympics (2024). The various Olympic Sports federations are grouped under a common umbrella association, called the Association of Summer Olympic International Federations (ASOIF).   Current sport     No longer included Sport Years 3x3 Basketball Since 2020 Archery 1900–1908, 1920, since 1972 Artistic swimming Since 1984 Athletics All Badminton Since 1992 Baseball 1992–2008, 2020, 2028 Basketball Since 1936 Basque pelota 1900 Breaking 2024 Boxing 1904, 1908, since 1920 Canoeing Since 1936 Cricket 1900, 2028 Croquet 1900 Cycling All Diving Since 1904 Equestrian 1900, since 1912 Fencing All Field hockey 1908, 1920, since 1928 Flag football 2028 Football 1900–1928, since 1936 Golf 1900, 1904, since 2016 Gymnastics All Handball 1936, since 1972 Jeu de paume 1908 Judo 1964, since 1972 Karate 2020 Lacrosse 1904, 1908, 2028 Modern pentathlon Since 1912 Polo 1900, 1908, 1920, 1924, 1936 Rackets 1908 Roque 1904 Rowing Since 1900 Rugby union 1900, 1908, 1920, 1924 Rugby sevens Since 2016 Sailing 1900, since 1908 Shooting 1896, 1900, 1908–1924, since 1932 Skateboarding Since 2020 Softball 1996–2008, 2020, 2028 Sport climbing Since 2020 Squash 2028 Surfing Since 2020 Swimming All Table tennis Since 1988 Taekwondo Since 2000 Tennis 1896–1924, since 1988 Triathlon Since 2000 Tug of war 1900–1920 Volleyball Since 1964 Water motorsports 1908 Water polo Since 1900 Weightlifting 1896, 1904, since 1920 Wrestling 1896, since 1904 Qualification Qualification rules for each of the Olympic sports are set by the International Sports Federation (IF) that governs that sport's international competition.[53] For individual sports, competitors typically qualify by attaining a certain place in a major international event or on the IF's ranking list. There is a general rule that a maximum of three individual athletes may represent each nation per competition. National Olympic Committees (NOCs) may enter a limited number of qualified competitors in each event, and the NOC decides which qualified competitors to select as representatives in each event if more have attained the benchmark than can be entered.[54] Nations most often qualify teams for team sports through continental qualifying tournaments, in which each continental association is given a certain number of spots in the Olympic tournament. Each nation may be represented by no more than one team per competition; a team consists of just two people in some sports. Popularity of Olympic sports The IOC divides Summer Olympic sports into five categories (A – E) based on popularity, gauged by six criteria: television viewing figures (40%), internet popularity (20%), public surveys (15%), ticket requests (10%), press coverage (10%), and number of national federations (5%). The category of a sport determines the share of Olympic revenue received by that sport's International Federation.[55][56] Sports that were new to the 2016 Olympics (rugby and golf) have been placed in Category E. The current categories are: Cat. No. Sport A 3 athletics, aquatics,[a] gymnastics B 5 basketball, cycling, football, tennis, volleyball C 8 archery, badminton, boxing, judo, rowing, shooting, table tennis, weightlifting D 9 canoe/kayaking, equestrian, fencing, handball, field hockey, sailing, taekwondo, triathlon, wrestling E 3 modern pentathlon, golf, rugby F 6 baseball/softball, karate, skateboarding, sport climbing, surfing a Aquatics encompasses artistic swimming, diving, swimming, and water polo. All-time medal table Main article: All-time Olympic Games medal table The table below uses official data provided by the IOC.    Defunct nation No. Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total Games 1 United States 1061 830 738 2629 28 2 Soviet Union 395 319 296 1010 9 3 Great Britain 285 319 314 918 29 4 China 262 199 173 634 11 5 France 223 251 277 751 29 6 Italy 217 188 213 618 28 7 Germany 201 207 247 655 17 8 Hungary 181 154 176 511 27 9 Japan 169 150 178 497 23 10 Australia 164 173 210 547 27 11 East Germany 153 129 127 409 5 12 Russia 149 126 151 426 6 13 Sweden 148 176 179 503 28 14 Finland 101 85 119 305 26 15 South Korea 96 91 100 287 18 16 Netherlands 95 105 122 322 27 17 Romania 90 97 121 308 22 18 Cuba 84 69 82 235 21 19 Poland 72 89 137 298 22 20 Canada 71 109 146 326 27 Medal leaders by year vte  Summer Olympics medal table leaders by year Number of occurrences  United States — 18 times  Soviet Union — 6 times  France — once  Great Britain — once  Germany — once  China — once  Unified Team — once List of Summer Olympic Games The IOC has never decided which events of the early Games were "Olympic" and which were not.[57] The founder of the modern Olympics, Pierre de Coubertin, ceded that determination to the organisers of those Games. Olympiad No. Host Games dates / Opened by Sports (Disciplines) Competitors Events Nations Top nation Total Men Women 1896[58] I Kingdom of Greece Athens 12–21 June 1896 King George I 9 (10) 241 241 0 43 14 United States 1900[59] II French Third Republic Paris 1 June – 1 July 1900 Baron Pierre de Coubertin 19 (20) 1226 1202 24 95 26 France 1904[60] III United States St. Louis 10 June – 10 July 1904 Governor David R. Francis 16 (17) 651 645 6 95[D] 12 United States 1908[61] IV United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland London 12 June – 12 July 1908 King Edward VII 22 (25) 2008 1971 37 110 22 Great Britain 1912[62] V Sweden Stockholm 7 June – 7 July 1912 King Gustaf V 14 (18) 2407 2359 48 102 28 United States 1916 VI[E] Awarded to Germany (Berlin). Cancelled due to World War I 1920[63] VII Belgium Antwerp 14 August – 12 September 1920 King Albert I 22 (29) 2626 2561 65 156[F] 39 United States 1924[64] VIII French Third Republic Paris 5–27 July 1924 President Gaston Doumergue 17 (23) 3089 2954 135 126 44 United States 1928[65] IX Netherlands Amsterdam 28 July – 12 August 1928 Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 14 (20) 2883 2606 277 109 46 United States 1932[66] X United States Los Angeles 30 July – 14 August 1932 Vice President Charles Curtis 1332 1206 126 117 37 United States 1936[67] XI Nazi Germany Berlin 1–16 August 1936 Chancellor Adolf Hitler 19 (25) 3963 3632 331 129 49 Germany 1940 XII[E] Originally awarded to Japan (Tokyo), then awarded to Finland (Helsinki). Cancelled due to World War II 1944 XIII[E] Awarded to United Kingdom (London). Cancelled due to World War II 1948[68] XIV United Kingdom London 29 July – 14 August 1948 King George VI 17 (23) 4104 3714 390 136 59 United States 1952[69] XV Finland Helsinki 19 July – 3 August 1952 President Juho Kusti Paasikivi 4955 4436 519 149 69 United States 1956[4] XVI Australia Melbourne 22 November – 8 December 1956 Philip, Duke of Edinburgh 3314 2938 376 151[H] 72[I] Soviet Union 1960[70] XVII Italy Rome 25 August – 11 September 1960 President Giovanni Gronchi 5338 4727 611 150 83 Soviet Union 1964[71] XVIII Japan Tokyo 10–24 October 1964 Emperor Hirohito 19 (25) 5151 4473 678 163 93 United States 1968[28] XIX Mexico Mexico City 12–27 October 1968 President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 18 (24) 5516 4735 781 172 112 United States 1972[33] XX West Germany Munich 26 August – 11 September 1972 President Gustav Heinemann 21 (28) 7134 6075 1059 195 121 Soviet Union 1976[72] XXI Canada Montreal 17 July – 1 August 1976 Queen Elizabeth II 21 (27) 6084 4824 1260 198 92 Soviet Union 1980[73] XXII Soviet Union Moscow 19 July – 3 August 1980 Chairman of the Presidium Leonid Brezhnev[K] 5179 4064 1115 203 80 Soviet Union 1984[40] XXIII United States Los Angeles 28 July – 12 August 1984 President Ronald Reagan 21 (29) 6829 5263 1566 221 140 United States 1988[74] XXIV South Korea Seoul 17 September – 2 October 1988 President Roh Tae-woo 23 (31) 8391 6197 2194 237 159 Soviet Union 1992[75] XXV Spain Barcelona 25 July – 9 August 1992 King Juan Carlos I 25 (34) 9356 6652 2704 257 169 Soviet Union 1996[76] XXVI United States Atlanta 19 July – 4 August 1996 President Bill Clinton 26 (37) 10318 6806 3512 271 197 United States 2000[77] XXVII Australia Sydney 15 September – 1 October 2000 Governor-General Sir William Deane 28 (40) 10651 6582 4069 300 199 United States 2004[78] XXVIII Greece Athens 13–29 August 2004 President Konstantinos Stephanopoulos 10625 6296 4329 301 201 United States 2008[79] XXIX China Beijing 8–24 August 2008 President Hu Jintao 28 (41) 10942 6305 4637 302 204 China 2012[80] XXX United Kingdom London 27 July – 12 August 2012 Queen Elizabeth II 26 (39) 10768 5992 4776 302 204 United States 2016[81] XXXI Brazil Rio de Janeiro 5–21 August 2016 Acting President Michel Temer 28 (41) 11238 6179 5059 306 207 United States 2020[82] XXXII Japan Tokyo 23 July – 8 August 2021[L] Emperor Naruhito 33 (50) 11676 5982 5494 339 206 United States 2024[83] XXXIII France Paris 26 July – 11 August 2024 President Emmanuel Macron (expected) 32 (48) 10500[M] 5250 5250 329 TBA TBA 2028[84] XXXIV United States Los Angeles 14–30 July 2028 TBA 35 (51) TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA 2032[85] XXXV Australia Brisbane 23 July – 8 August 2032 TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA TBA A.1 2 3 The IOC site for the 1896, 1900 and 1904 Summer Olympic Games does not include Mixed teams (teams of athletes from different nations) as separate "nation" when counting participating nations. At the same time the IOC shows Mixed team in the results of competitions where these teams competed. Thus, specified number of national teams plus Mixed teams participated in the Games. B.^ At an earlier time the IOC database for the 1900 Summer Olympics listed 85 medal events, 24 participating countries and 997 athletes (22 women, 975 men).[86] The Olympic historian and author, Bill Mallon,[87] whose studies have shed light on the topic, suggested the number 95 events satisfying all four retrospective selection criteria (restricted to amateurs, international participation, open to all competitors and without handicapping) and now should be considered as Olympic events. In July 2021, the IOC upgraded its complete online database of all Olympic results explicitly to incorporate the data of the Olympic historians website, Olympedia.org, thus accepting Mallon's recommendation (based on four applied criteria) for events of the 1900 Olympic Games. The eleven events, the results of which had nevertheless been shown within the earlier IOC database, have been added over the former total of 85. Оne shooting event (20 metre military pistol, which was an event for professionals) have been removed. Acceptance of Mallon's recommendation increased the number of events to 95, and also entailed increasing the number of participation countries up to 26 and athletes up to 1226. After upgrading of the IOC online database the IOC web site results section contains 95 events.[88] The IOC webpage for the 1900 Summer Olympics shows a total of 95 medal events, 26 participating countries and 1226 athletes.[59] Furthermore, the IOC factsheet "The Games of the Olympiad" of November 2021 refers to 95 events, but still refers to old numbers of participating countries (24) and athletes (997).[9] C.^ According to the International Olympic Committee, 26 nations sent competitors to this edition.[59] The concept of "national teams" chosen by National Olympic Committees did not exist at this point in time. When counting the number of participating countries in the early Olympic Games, the IOC does not take into account otherwise unrepresented countries whose citizens competed for other countries. Modern research shows[87] that at the 1900 Olympics, the athletes of at least four otherwise unrepresented countries (Canada, Luxembourg, Colombia, New Zealand) competed for other countries in both individual and team sports. The IOC website lists all of them in the results section under their nationalities,[88] but does not include their countries among the 26 participating countries.[59] D.^ The IOC webpage for the 1904 Summer Olympics[60] sets the number at 95 events, while at one time the IOC webpage[89] listed 91. The figure of 91 is sourced to a work by Olympic historian and author, Bill Mallon,[90] whose studies have shed light on the topic. Events satisfying all four of these retrospective selection criteria of the early 20th century — restricted to amateurs, allowing international participation, open to all competitors and without handicapping — are now regarded as Olympic events. E.1 2 3 Although the Games of 1916, 1940, and 1944 were cancelled, the Roman numerals for those Games were still applied because the official titles of the Summer Games count the Olympiads, not the Games themselves, per the Olympic Charter.[91] This contrasts with the Winter Olympics, which ignore the cancelled Winter Games of 1940 and 1944 in their numeric count. F.^ The IOC webpage for the 1920 Summer Olympics[63] gives the figure of 156 events, while at one time the IOC webpage[92] listed 154 (difference was two sailing events in Amsterdam). H.^ The IOC webpage for the 1956 Summer Olympics[4] gives a total of 151 events (145 events in Melbourne and six equestrian events in Stockholm). I.^ Owing to Australian quarantine laws, six equestrian events were held in Stockholm for the 1956 Summer Olympics several months before the other events in Melbourne; five of the 72 nations that competed in the equestrian events in Stockholm did not attend the main Games in Melbourne. J.^ The 1972 Summer Olympics was originally scheduled to end on 10 September 1972, but was postponed to a day on 11 September after events had been suspended for 34 hours due to the Munich massacre, which happened after day 9. K.^ IOC records state Brezhnev opened the Moscow Games as "President", a title used at that time by the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, or de jure head of state. (The office of President of the Soviet Union was not created until 1990, a year before the nation broke up.)[93] L.^ Originally scheduled for 24 July – 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed by one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. 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18961904192019241928193219361948195219561960196419681972197619801984198819921996200020042008201220162020 Wrestling 1896190419081912192019241928193219361948195219561960196419681972197619801984198819921996200020042008201220162020 Winter sports Alpine skiing 193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Biathlon 192419601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Bobsleigh 19241928193219361948195219561964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Cross-country skiing 192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Curling 19241998200220062010201420182022 Figure skating 19081920192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Freestyle skiing 199219941998200220062010201420182022 Ice hockey 1920192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Luge 1964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Nordic combined 192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Short track speed skating 199219941998200220062010201420182022 Skeleton 19281948200220062010201420182022 Ski jumping 192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022 Snowboarding 1998200220062010201420182022 Speed skating 192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022  Olympic Games portal vte  Summer Olympic Games host cities 1896: Greece Athens 1900: France Paris 1904: United States St. Louis 1908: United Kingdom London 1912: Sweden Stockholm 1916: None[c1] 1920: Belgium Antwerp 1924: France Paris 1928: Netherlands Amsterdam 1932: United States Los Angeles 1936: Germany Berlin 1940: None[c2] 1944: None[c2] 1948: United Kingdom London 1952: Finland Helsinki 1956: Australia Melbourne 1960: Italy Rome 1964: Japan 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ScoutArctic Winter GamesKennedy Memorial1New Zealand Winter GamesWinter World Masters Games Regional National Winter Games of ChinaAsian Winter GamesEuropean Youth Olympic FestivalWinter X Games EuropeRussian–Chinese Winter Youth Games 1 Defunct2 Sub-national3 51 component games in 36 U.S. states  Category List WikiProject Authority control databases Edit this at Wikidata International VIAF National GermanyUnited StatesCzech RepublicKorea Other IdRef Categories: Summer Olympic GamesRecurring sporting events established in 1896Olympic GamesQuadrennial sporting eventsSummer multi-sport events Greatest Olympians of All Time By Craig Lazzeretti, updated on July 30, 2021 Jamaica's Usain Bolt won eight Olympic gold medals. Jamaica's Usain Bolt won eight Olympic gold medals.Anja Niedringhaus/AP Photo Countless athletes from around the globe have left their mark on the Summer and Winter Olympics since the first modern games in Athens in 1896. Some performances were a brilliant moment of greatness that personified the Olympic motto of "Swifter, Higher, Stronger." Others displayed astounding longevity that resulted in epic medal hauls spanning multiple Olympiads. The most dominating Olympic champions become legends forever. These are the greatest Olympians of all time.  60. Takashi Ono AP Photo Country: Japan Sport: Gymnastics Events: Team, all-around, horizontal bar, pommel  horse, vault, parallel bars, rings Years: 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964 Medals: 13 Key stats: Bronze medal in vault in 1952. Gold in horizontal bar, silver in all-around, pommel horse and team and bronze in parallel bars in 1956. Gold in team and vault, silver in all-around and bronze in parallel bars and rings in 1960. Gold in team in 1964.  Bottom Line: Takashi Ono AP Photo Takashi Ono’s 13 medals ties him with Soviet great Boris Shakhlin for second all-time among male gymnasts. Ono is the most decorated Japanese Olympian in history, edging fellow gymnast Sawao Kato, who finished his career with 12 medals. In 1960, Ono came away with six medals in the eight gymnastics events contested at the Rome Games. 59. Felix Savon Rick Bowmer/AP Photo Country: Cuba Sport: Boxing Event: Heavyweight Years: 1992, 1996, 2000 Medals: 3 Key stats: Gold medals in 1992, 1996 and 2000. Bottom Line: Felix Savon Wikimedia Commons Felix Savon matched his countryman, Teofilo Stevenson, with three heavyweight gold medals in consecutive Olympics. And just as Stevenson missed out on a possible fourth gold because of Cuba’s boycott of the 1984 Olympics, the country’s boycott in 1988 also cost Savon a chance for an additional gold. Passing on opportunities to defect to the United States and make millions as a professional, Savon finished his amateur career with a 362-21 record. 58. Aleksandr Medved Aleksandr Medved Mert Kaan Basar/Facebook Country: Soviet Union Sport: Freestyle wrestling Events: Light heavyweight and super heavyweight Years: 1964, 1968, 1972 Medals: 3 Key stats: Gold medal in light heavyweight in 1964. Gold in super heavyweight in 1968 and 1972. Bottom Line: Aleksandr Medved Aleksandr Medved Reddit Considered by many the greatest freestyle wrestler of all time, Aleksandr Medved (whose name means "bear" in Russian) never lost an Olympic match. During his career, he won 10 world-level championships, more than any freestyle wrestler in history. He carried the Soviet flag at the opening ceremonies of the 1972 Games and recited the Officials’ Oath in 1980. 57. Matt Biondi Mark Duncan/AP Photoo Country: United States Sport: Swimming Events: 50-meter freestyle, 100 freestyle, 200 freestyle, 100 butterfly, 400 free relay, 800 free relay, 400 medley relay. Years: 1984, 1988, 1992 Medals: 11 Key stats: Gold medal in 400 freestyle relay in 1984. Gold in 50 freestyle, 100 freestyle, 400 free relay, 400 medley relay and 800 free relay, silver in 100 butterfly and bronze in 200 freestyle in 1988. Gold in 400 free relay and 400 medley relay and silver in 50 freestyle in 1992. Bottom Line: Matt Biondi Eric Risberg/AP Photo Matt Biondi never quite lived up to the hype that accompanied him to the 1988 Olympics, when he looked to duplicate Mark Spitz’s seven-gold medal performance from 1972. He ultimately finished with five golds, one silver and one bronze that year, and finished his Olympic career with 11 medals, eight of them gold.  56. Georg Hackl Ed Reinke/AP Photo Country: Germany Sport: Luge Event: Singles Years: 1988, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2002 Medals: 5 Key stats: Gold medals in 1992, 1994 and 1998. Silver in 1988 and 2002.  Bottom Line: Georg Hackl Herbert Knosowski/AP Photo Georg Hackl finished first or second in singles luge in five consecutive Olympics from 1988 to 2002, winning three consecutive golds along the way. In 1998, he became only the sixth person in Winter Olympics history, and first luger, to win the same event three times. He also was the first Olympian to win at least one medal in five consecutive Olympiads. 55. Krisztina Egerszegi Hans Deryk/AP Photo Country: Hungary Sport: Swimming Events: 100-meter backstroke, 200 backstroke, 400 medley Years: 1988, 1992, 1996 Medals: 7 Key stats: Gold medal in 200 backstroke and silver in backstroke in 1988. Gold in 100 backstroke, 200 backstroke and 400 medley in 1992. Gold in 200 backstroke and bronze in 400 medley in 1996.  Bottom Line: Krisztina Egerszegi Craig Fujii/AP Photo The Hungarian great is one of only three athletes ever to swim the same swimming event at three consecutive Olympics (Dawn Fraser and Michael Phelps are the others). Krisztina Egerszegi is also the only female swimmer to win five individual Olympic titles. Her margin of victory (4.15 seconds) in the 1996 200 backstroke final was the largest in the history of the event. She held the world record in the 200 backstroke for nearly 17 years. 54. Edoardo Mangiarotti Edoardo Mangiarotti Caulfield/Wikimedia Country: Italy Sport: Fencing Events: Team epee, individual epee, team foil, individual foil, Years: 1936, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960 Medals: 13 Key stats: Gold medal in team epee in 1936. Silver in team foil and team epee and bronze in individual epee in 1948. Gold in individual epee and team epee and silver in individual foil and team foil in 1952. Gold in team epee and individual epee and bronze in individual epee in 1956. Gold in team epee and silver in team foil in 1960.  Bottom Line: Edoardo Mangiarotti Edoardo Mangiarotti Britannica Edoardo Mangiarotti won more Olympic medals (13) than any fencer in history, and his total undoubtedly would have been higher if not for the cancellation of the 1940 and 1944 Games because of World War II. Mangiarotti won his lone individual Olympic gold in the epee event in 1952, with his brother Dario taking the silver. When Edoardo won his 13th medal in 1960, he became at the time the most decorated Olympian in history. 53. Jin Jong-oh Darron Cummings/AP Photo Country: South Korea Sport: Shooting Events: 50-meter pistol, 10-meter air pistol Years: 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 Medals: 6 Key stats: Silver medal in 50m pistol in 2004.  Gold in 50m pistol and silver in 10m air pistol in 2008. Gold in 50m pistol and 10m air pistol in 2012. Gold in 50m pistol in 2016. At the 2016 Olympics, he stormed back from seventh place in the final round to win his fourth consecutive gold in 50m pistol. Bottom Line: Jin Jong-oh Rebecca Blackwell/AP Photo Jong-oh is the only four-time individual gold medalist in Olympic shooting, and the only athlete to win the same shooting event three consecutive times (50m pistol). He is the world record holder in both the 50m and 10m air pistol events. 52. Claudia Pechstein Lynne Sladky/AP Photo Country: Germany Sport: Speed skating Events: 3,000 meters, 5,000, team pursuit Years: 1992, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006 Medals: 9 Key stats: Bronze medal in 5,000 in 1992. Gold in 5,000 and bronze in 3,000 in 1994. Gold in 5,000 and silver and 3,000 in 1998. Gold in 3,000 and 5,000 in 2002. Gold in team pursuit and silver in 5,000 in 2006. Bottom Line: Claudia Pechstein Matthias Schrader/AP Photo The most decorated German Winter Olympian of all time, Claudia Pechstein is one of the few athletes in history to win the same event in three consecutive Olympiads, accomplishing the feat in the 5,000 in 1994, 1998 and 2002. Her nine total speed skating medals are tied with Sven Kramer of the Netherlands for second all-time behind Ireen Wust of the Netherlands. 51. Ashton Eaton NBC Olympics/Facebook Country: United States Sport: Track and field Event: Decathlon Years: 2012, 2016 Medals: 2 Key stats: Won gold medals in decathlon in 2012 and 2016. Bottom Line: Ashton Eaton Matt Dunham/AP Photo Ashton Eaton became only the third decathlete in history to repeat as Olympic champion at the 2016 Games, following Bob Mathias and Daley Thompson. The second athlete ever to break the 9,000-point barrier in the event, Eaton tied the Olympic record of 8,893 points in 2016. His world record was broken by Kevin Mayer of France in 2018. 50. Viktor Chukarin NinaByzantina/Twitter Country: Soviet Union Sport: Gymnastics Events: Team, all-around, pommel horse, vault, parallel bars, rings, floor Years: 1952, 1956 Medals: 11 Key stats: Gold medals in team, all-round, pommel horse and vault and silver in rings and parallel bars in 1952. Gold in team, all-around and parallel bars, silver in floor exercise and bronze in pommel horse in 1956. .  Bottom Line: Viktor Chukarin Viktor Chukarin Wikimedia Commons The most decorated athlete at the 1952 Olympics, Viktor Chukarin won 11 medals over two Olympiads. His medal haul likely would have been higher had his Olympic career not begun at the age of 30. 1952 was the Olympics debut for the Soviet Union, and Chukarin’s Olympic fame, after being wounded in World War II and surviving 17 prison camps, served as one of the most unlikely and compelling success stories in the history of the games. 49. Saori Yoshida Paul Sancya/AP Photo Country: Japan Sport: Freestyle wrestling Events: 53kg, 55kg Years: 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 Medals: 4 Key stats: Gold medals in 55kg in 2004, 2008 and 2012. Silver in 53kg in 2016. Bottom Line: Saori Yoshida Paul Sancya/AP Photo Saori Yoshida is the most decorated freestyle wrestler in history. She won 89 consecutive matches in Olympics, World Championships and Asian Games competitions before losing 4-1 to the United States' Helen Maroulis at the 2016 Olympic final in the 53kg competition. In 2007, Yoshida became the first woman named Japanese Athlete of the Year. 48. Gert Fredriksson Ian Driscoll/Facebook Country: Sweden Sport: Kayaking Events: K-1 1,000 and K-1 10,000; K-2 1,000 Years: 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960 Medals: 8 Key stats: Gold medals in K-1 1,000 in 1948, 1952 and 1956. Bronze in 1960. Gold in K-1 10,000 in 1948 and 1956. Silver in 1952. Gold in  K-2 1,000 in 1960. Bottom Line: Gert Fredriksson Gert Fredriksson Wikimedia Commons Gert Freriksson is the most decorated Olympic Swede of all time and is considered by many the greatest male canoeist ever. His winning margin of 50.47:7 in the 1948 K-1 10,000 race remains the greatest margin of victory in the history of the event. And he is the only athlete to win three consecutive Olympic golds in the K-1 1,000 race. He went on to train the Swedish kayak team at the 1968 Games. 47. Bonnie Blair Thomas Kienzle/AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Speed skating Events: 500, 1,000 and 1,500 meters  Years: 1988, 1992, 1994 Medals: 6 Key stats: Gold medals in 500 meters in 1988, 1992 and 1994. Gold in 1,000 in 1992 and 1994. Bronze in 1,000 in 1988.  Bottom Line: Bonnie Blair Barry Sweet/AP Photo One of the greatest speed skaters of all time, Bonnie Blair became the first American woman to win five Olympic gold medals and the first American Winter Olympian to take home six medals. She saved perhaps her best Olympic performance for last, winning the 1,000 in Lillehammer in 1994 by 1.38 seconds, the largest margin of victory in the history of the event. 46. Alexander Popov Doug Mills/AP Photo Country: Unified Team/Russia Sport: Swimming Events: 50-meter freestyle, 100 freestyle, 400 free relay, 400 medley relay Years: 1992, 1996, 2000 Medals: 9 Key stats: Gold medals in 50 and 100 freestyle and silver in 400 freestyle relay and 400 medley relay in 1992. Gold medals in 50 and 100 freestyle and silver in 400 freestyle and 400 medley relay in 1996. Silver medal in 100 freestyle in 2000. Bottom Line: Alexander Popov Pavel Golovkin/AP Photo Considered the greatest Olympic sprint swimmer in history, Alexander Popov is the only man ever to repeat as Olympic champion in the 50 and 100 freestyle. He held the world record in the 50 for eight years and the world mark in the 100 for six years. After suffering a knife attack following the Atlanta Games in 1996 that required emergency surgery, Popov came back in 200 to win his final Olympic medal, a silver in the 100 free. 45. Theodora Elisabeth Gerarda "Anky" van Grunsven Kin Cheung/AP Photo Country: Netherlands Sport: Equestrian Events: Individual and team dressage Years: 1992, 1996, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 Medals: 9 Key stats: Silver medal in team dressage in 1992. Silver in individual and team dressage in 1996. Gold in individual dressage and silver in team dressage in 2000. Gold in individual dressage in 2004. Gold in individual dressage and silver in team dressage in 2008; bronze in team dressage in 2012. Bottom Line: Theodora Elisabeth Gerarda "Anky" van Grunsven David Goldman/AP Photo Anky van Grunsven is the only rider to win the Olympic title in the same event three times, accomplishing the feat in individual dressage in 2000, 2004 and 2008. She competed in every Olympics from 1988 to 2012, and her nine Olympic medals are the most ever by an equestrian athlete.  44. Lyubov Yegorova EmbassyofRussia/Twitter Country: Unified Team/Russia Sport: Cross country skiing Events: 10km pursuit, 5km classical, 15km classical, 15km freestyle, 30km freestyle, 20km relay Years: 1992, 1994 Key stats: Gold medals in 10km pursuit, 5km classical and 20km relay and silver in 5km classical and 30km freestyle in 1992; gold in 5km classical, 10km pursuit and 20km relay and silver in 15km freestyle in 1994.  Bottom Line: Lyubov Yegorova Bill Waugh/AP Photo The most decorated athlete at both the 1992 and 1994 Winter Olympics, Lyubov Yegorova finished her Olympics career with nine medals, six of them gold. She medaled in nine of the 10 cross country events contested over those two Olympiads. Yegorova ranks second all-time among women behind Norway’s Marit Bjorgen in cross country Olympic titles.  43. Bob Mathias AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Track and field Event: Decathlon Years: 1948, 1952 Medals: 2 Key stats:  Won gold medals in 1948 and 1952 Bottom Line: Bob Mathias AP Photo Bob Mathias is one of only three athletes ever to repeat as Olympic champion in the decathlon, along with Daley Thompson of Great Britain and fellow American Ashton Eaton. At age 17 in 1948, Mathias became the youngest track and field gold medalist ever when he edged France’s Ignace Heinrich for the decathlon title, after nearly fouling out in the shot put and high jump. Mathias defended his title four years later, winning the event by an incredible 912 points. 42. Boris Shakhlin AP Photo Country: Soviet Union Sport: Gymnastics Events: Team, all-around,  pommel horse, vault, parallel bar, rings Years: 1956, 1960, 1964 Key stats: Gold medals in team and pommel horse in 1956. Gold in all-around, pommel horse, vault and parallel bars and bronze in horizontal bar in 1960. Gold in horizontal bar, silver in all-around and team and bronze in rings in 1964. Bottom Line: Boris Shakhlin Boris Shakhlin Wikimedia Commons The most decorated athlete at the 1960 Summer Games, Boris Shakhlin held the record for most Olympic medals by a male athlete before being eclipsed by countryman Nikolai Andrianov in 1980. He still holds the record for most individual gymnastics gold medals by a male with seven. His 13 total Olympic medals ties him with three others for fifth all time. 41. Bradley Wiggins Ricardo Mazalan/AP Photo Country: Great Britain Sport: Cycling Events: Time trial, individual and team pursuit, Madison Years: 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 Medals: 8 Key stats: Bronze medal in team pursuit in 2000. Gold in individual pursuit, silver in team pursuit and bronze in Madison in 2004. Gold in team pursuit and individual pursuit in 2008. Gold in time trial in 2012. Gold in team pursuit in 2016. Bottom Line: Bradley Wiggins Pavel Golovkin/AP Photo Bradley Wiggins is the only cyclist to win Olympics and World Championships titles in both road and track events. In 2004, he became the first British athlete in 40 years to win three medals at the same Olympiad. In 2008, he became the first cyclist to win back-to-back Olympic golds in the individual pursuit. And in 2012, he became the first Brit to win titles at the Tour de France and Olympics time trial road race. 40. Elisabeta Lipa Faster Masters Rowing/Facebook Country: Romania Sport: Rowing Events: Single sculls, double sculls, quadruple sculls, eight Years: 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 Medals: 8 Key stats: Gold medal in double skulls in 1984. Silver medal in double sculls and bronze medal in quadruple sculls in 1988. Gold in single skulls and silver in double skulls in 1992. Gold in eight in 1996, 2000 and 2004. Bottom Line: Elisabeta Lipa Gill Allen/AP Photo Elisabeta Lipa is the most decorated rower in Olympics history, with five gold and eight total medals. She also holds the record for most years between rowing gold medals, at 20. In 2004, Lipa became the first female rower to compete at six Olympiads, and the first woman to win gold medals at five Olympiads. 39. Vera Caslavska American Friends of the Czech Republic (AFoCR)/Facebook Country: Czechoslovakia Sport: Gymnastics Events: Team, all-around, vault, balance beam, uneven bars, floor Years: 1960, 1964, 1968 Medals: 11 Key stats: Silver medal in team in 1960. Gold in all-around, vault and balance beam and silver in team in 1964. Gold in all-around, uneven bars, vault and floor and silver in team and balance beam in 1968. Bottom Line: Vera Caslavska AP Photo Along with the Soviet Union’s Larisa Latynina, Vera Caslavska is one of only two female gymnasts to win consecutive Olympic all-around titles. She became a heroine of the 1968 Olympics, where she won four gold medals, because of her forceful stand against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia earlier that year. Forced to flee her training facility in Prague during the invasion, she trained for the games by swinging from tree limbs and practicing her floor exercise in a meadow. While the 1968 Games are largely remembered for the national anthem black power protest by Americans John Carlos and Tommie Smith, Caslavaksa made a political statement of her own during the medal ceremony for the floor exercise competition, where she shared the gold with the Soviet Union’s Larissa Petrik, bowing her head and turning away during the playing of the Soviet national anthem. 38. Aladar Gerevich Törley pezsg?/Facebook Country: Hungary Sport: Fencing Events: Sabre team, sabre individual, team foil Years: 1932, 1936, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960 Medals: 10 Key stats: Gold medal in sabre team in 1932. Gold in sabre team and bronze in sabre individual in 1936. Gold in sabre individual in 1948. Gold in sabre team, silver in sabre individual and bronze in foil team in 1952. Gold in sabre team in 1956. Gold in sabre team in 1960.  Bottom Line: Aladar Gerevich Aladar Gerevich Wikimedia Commons Considered by many the greatest Olympic swordsman ever, Aladar Gerevich is the only Olympian ever to win the same event (team sabre) six times, the last coming at age 50 in 1960. The feat is all the more remarkable when you consider that two Olympiads during his career were canceled by World War II. His gold medals came an unprecedented 28 years apart. Gerevich’s only individual gold came in 1948, when he scored 19 victories against only one defeat.  37. Vitaly Scherbo John Gaps/AP Photo Country: Unified Team/Belarus Sport: Gymnastics Events: Team, all-around, vault, pommel horse, parallel bars, horizontal bar, floor exercise, rings Years: 1992, 1996 Medals: 10 Key stats: Gold medals in team, all-around, pommel horse, rings, vault and parallel bars in 1992. Bronze in all-around, vault, parallel bars and horizontal bar in 1996.  Bottom Line: Vitaly Scherbo John Gaps/AP Photo Vitaly Scherbo was the most decorated athlete at the 1992 Summer Games, winning six of the eight gymnastics events contested. He became the first Olympian to ever win four gold medals on the same day and the first gymnast to win six golds in one edition of the games. Representing Belarus, he followed up with four bronze medals four years later, a performance that was marred by a shoulder injury and a near-fatal traffic accident involving his wife earlier in the year.  36. Ben Ainslie Herbert Knosowski/AP Photo Country: Great Britain Sport: Sailing Events: Finn, Laser Years: 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012 Medals: 5 Key stats: Silver medal in Laser class in 1996. Gold in Laser in 2000. Gold in Finn in 2004, 2008 and 2012.  Bottom Line: Ben Ainslie Francois Mori/AP Photo The second sailor after Paul Elvstrom to win four gold medals in sailing, Ben Ainslie is also one of only three sailors in Olympic history to win medals in five different Olympic Games. In 2012, he became the first person to carry the Olympic torch in the United Kingdom in preparation for the London Games, and he carried the flag for Great Britain at the closing ceremonies. He is also an eight-time sailing world champion. 35. Kerri Jennings Walsh/Misty May-Trainor Natacha Pisarenko/AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Beach volleyball Event: Women’s beach volleyball Years: 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 Medals: 3 Key stats: Gold medals in 2004, 2008 and 2012 Bottom Line: Kerri Jennings Walsh/Misty May-Trainor Petr David Josek/AP Photo Clearly, the greatest beach volleyball tandem in history, Kerri Jennings Walsh and Misty May-Trainor dominated the event over three consecutive Olympiads. They did not drop a set during the 2004 and 2008 Olympics and eventually ran their winning streak to 32 sets before finally dropping one in 2012. In 2016, Walsh Jennings partnered with April Ross to add a bronze medal at the Rio de Janeiro Games. 34. Nikolai Andrianov AP Photo Country: Soviet Union  Sport: Gymnastics Events: Team, all-around, floor, vault, rings, parallel bars, pommel horse Years: 1972, 1976, 1980 Medals: 15 Key stats: Gold medal in floor exercise, silver in team and bronze in vault in 1972. Gold in all-around, floor exercise, rings and vault, silver in team competition and parallel bars and bronze in pommel horse in 1976. Gold in team competition and vault, silver in all-around and floor exercise and bronze in horizontal bar in 1980.  Bottom Line: Nikolai Andrianov AP Photo The Soviet star held the record for most Olympic medals by a male at 15 before Michael Phelps surpassed him in 2008. Nikolai Andrianov, who currently ranks third overall in all-time medal count (behind Phelps and Larisa Latynina), was the most decorated athlete at the 1976 Summer Olympics with seven medals (six individual and one team). Andrianov also holds the men’s record for most individual Olympic gymnastics medals at 12.  33. Ireen Wust Dusan Vranic/AP Photo Country: Netherlands Sport: Speed skating Events: 1,000 meters, 1,500, 3,000, 5,000, team pursuit Years: 2006, 2010, 2014, 2018 Medals: 11 Key stats: Gold medal in 3,000 meters and bronze in 1,500 in 2006. Gold in 1,500 in 2010. Gold in 3,000 and team pursuit and silver in 1,000, 1,500 and 5,000 in 2014. Gold in 1,500 and silver in 3,000 and team pursuit in 2018. Bottom Line: Ireen Wust Kevin Frayer/AP Photo Ireen Wust has won more Olympic medals (11) than any other speed skater, and is the most decorated Dutch Olympian ever. She became the youngest Dutch Winter Olympics champion in 2006 when she won her first gold at the age of 19. Wust was the most decorated athlete at the 2014 Sochi Games and was named Sportswoman of the World that year by Reuters.  32. Bjorn Daehlie Tom Smart/AP Photo Country: Norway Sport: Cross country skiing Events: 10km + 15km combined pursuit, 50k freestyle, 40km relay, 10km classical, 30km classical, 30km freestyle Years: 1992, 1994, 1998 Medals: 12 Key stats: Gold medal in 10km + 15km combined pursuit, 50km freestyle and 40km relay and silver in 30km classical in 1992. Gold in 10km classical and 10km + 15km combined pursuit and silver in 30km freestyle and 40km relay in 1994. Gsold in 10km classical, 50km freestyle and 40km relay and silver in 10km + 15km combined pursuit in 1998.  Bottom Line: Bjorn Daehlie Bill Waugh/AP Photo Bjorn Daehlie is tied with fellow Norwegians Marit Bjorgen and Ole Einar Bjorndalen for most career titles among Winter Olympians and ranks third all-time in Winter Olympics medals behind the two with 12. Daehlie is considered by many the greatest male cross country skier in history. In his final Olympic victory, Daehlie crossed the finish line of the 50km freestyle at the 1998 Games 8.1 seconds ahead of his nearest competitor, collapsing at the end of the race and unable to stand again for five minutes.  31. Sawao Kato AP Photo Country: Japan Events: Team, all-around, floor, parallel bars, pommel horse, horizontal bar, rings Sport: Gymnastics Years: 1968, 1972, 1976 Medals: 12 Key stats: Won gold medals in team, all-around and floor exercise and bronze in rings in 1968. Won gold in team, all-around and parallel bars and silver in pommel horse and horizontal bar in 1972. Won gold in team and parallel bars and silver in all-around in 1976.  Bottom Line: Sawao Kato AP Photo Sawao Kato is among the greatest gymnasts in history and one of only 10 athletes in history to win eight or more Olympic gold medals. He also has won more Olympic golds than any Japanese athlete ever.  In 1972, he became only the third gymnast ever to win back-to-back golds in the all-around, leading a Japanese sweep of the event. 30. Teófilo Stevenson AP Photo Country: Cuba Sport: Boxing Event: Heavyweight division Years: 1972, 1976, 1980 Medals: 3 Key stats: Gold medals in 1972, 1976 and 1980. Bottom Line: Teófilo Stevenson EDK/AP Photo Teófilo Stevenson is one of only three boxers to win three Olympic gold medals (along with countryman Felix Savon and Hungarian Laszlo Papp). If not for the Cuban boycotts of the 1984 and 1988 games, he potentially could have won as many as five golds. His most memorable Olympic fight came in the 1972 quarterfinals against American Duane Bobick, who had beaten him previously. The bout was even going into the final round, but Stevenson knocked down Bobick three times, and the contest was stopped. 29. Sonja Henie Sonja Henie Movies from the 20's - 60's/Facebook Country: Norway Sport: Figure skating Event: Ladies singles Years: 1928, 1932, 1936 Medals: 3 Key stats: Won three consecutive gold medals in the ladies' competition.  Bottom Line: Sonja Henie AP Photo Before becoming a Hollywood star, Sonja Henie established herself as one of the most decorated figure skaters in history. Nicknamed the "Pavlova of the Ice," Henie made her Olympic debut at age 11 in 1924, placing eighth, before dominating the event at the next three Olympiads. She ended up winning three Olympic gold medals and was a 10-time world champion. 28. Jean-Claude Killy AP Photo Country: France Sport: Alpine skiing Events: Downhill, slalom, giant slalom Year: 1968 Medals: 3 Key stats: Won gold medals in slalom, giant slalom and downhill at the 1968 Winter Olympics. Bottom Line: Jean-Claude Killy AP Photo After failing to medal at the 1964 Olympics, Jean-Claude Killy swept all three alpine events and was the most decorated athlete at the 1968 Games. His triple crown feat didn’t come without controversy, however. Austria’s Karl Schranz recorded the fastest time in the slalom, but officials disqualified him after reviewing television footage and ruling that he had missed a gate. 27. Pat McCormick Pat McCormick Sports Exemplified/Facebook Country: United States Sport: Diving Events: Springboard and platform Years: 1952, 1956 Medals: 4 Key stats: Swept the gold medals in springboard and platform at the 1952 and 1956 Olympics. Bottom Line: Pat McCormick AP Photo Pat McCormick was the first Olympic diver to sweep the springboard and platform events at consecutive Olympics, a feat matched only by Greg Louganis. Remarkably, her second gold medal double in 1956 came only five months after she gave birth. She won the James E. Sullivan award as the nation’s top amateur athlete in 1956. 26. Birgit Fischer Frank Augstein/AP Photo Country: Germany Sport:  Kayaking Event: K-1, K-2 and K-4 500-meter sprint Years: 1980, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 Medals: 12 Key stats: Gold medal in K-150 meter in 1980. Gold in K-2 500m and K-4 500m in 1988. Gold in K-1 500m in 1992. Gold in K-4 500m in 1996. Gold in K-2 500m and K-4 500m in 2000. Gold in K-4 500m in 2004. Silver medal in K-1 500m in 1988. Silver K-4 500m in 1992. Silver in K-2 500m in 1996. Silver in K-2 500m in 2004. Bottom Line: Birgit Fischer Mark J. Terrill/AP Photo The most decorated kayaker in Olympic history, Birgit Fischer won eight gold medals, and 12 total, in six Olympiads spanning nearly a quarter-century. She was the youngest-ever Olympic canoeing champion at age 18 and the oldest at age 42. Fischer is also the most successful German Olympian of all time and ranks second behind gymnast Larisa Semyonovna Latynina as the most decorated female Summer Olympian in history. 25. Matti Nykanen Dieter Endlicher/AP Photo Country: Finland Sport: Ski jumping Events: Normal hill and large hill Years: 1984, 1988 Medals: 5 Key stats: Gold medal in individual large hill and silver in individual normal hill in 1984. Gold medals in individual large hill, individual normal hill and team event in 1988. Bottom Line: Matti Nykanen AP Photo Arguably the greatest ski jumper of all time, Matti Nykänen became the first jumper to win golds on both hills at the 1988 Olympic Games. He also won the team event that year for a clean sweep of the ski jumping competition and was the most decorated athlete of the Calgary Games along with Dutch speed skater Yvonne van Gennip. 24. Ole Einar Bjoerndalen Lee Jin-man/AP Photo Country: Norway Sport: Biathlon Events: 10km sprint, 20km individual, 12.5km pursuit, 4x7.5km relay, mixed relay, 15k mass start Years: 1998, 2002, 2006 Medals: 13 Key stats: Gold medal in 10-kilometer sprint in 1998. Gold in 20km individual, 10km sprint, 12.5km pursuit and 4x7.5km relay in 2002. Gold in 4x7.5km relay in 2010. Gold in 10km sprint and mixed relay in 2014. Silver in 4x7.5km relay in 1998. Silver in 20km individual and 12.5km pursuit in 2006. Silver in 20km individual in 2010. Bronze in 15km mass start in 2006. Bottom Line: Ole Einar Bjoerndalen Jens Meyer/AP Photo Known as the "King of Biathlon" and "The Cannibal," Ole Einar Bjoerndalen ranks second all-time in medals among Winter Olympians with 13. He is the only biathlete ever to sweep all four biathlon events at a single Olympics, a feat he accomplished at the 2002 Games in Salt Lake City, where he was the most decorated athlete. 23. Greg Louganis Sadayuki Mikami/AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Diving  Events: Springboard and platform Years: 1984, 1988 Medals: 5 Key stats: Swept the gold medals in the springboard and platform events in both 1984 and 1988. Also won a silver in platform as a 16-year-old in 1976. Bottom Line: Greg Louganis Ed Reinke/AP Photo Considered by many to be the greatest diver ever, Greg Louganis is the only male to sweep the diving events in consecutive Olympics. He likely would have done so in three consecutive Olympics if not for the United States’ boycott of the 1980 Games in Moscow. In the 1988 springboard event, he rebounded from a concussion suffered when he hit his head on the springboard and went on to win the gold by 25 points. 22. Kjetil Andre Aamodt Alessandro Trovati/AP Photo Country: Norway Sport: Alpine skiing Events: Downhill, super-G, giant slalom, slalom, combined Years: 1992, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006 Medals: 8 Key stats: Gold medals in super-G in 1992, 2002, 2006. Gold medal in combined in 2002. Silver in downhill and combined in 1994. Bronze in giant slalom in 1992 and super-G in 1994. Bottom Line: Kjetil Andre Aamodt Kevin Frayer/AP Photo The most decorated alpine skier in Olympic history, Kjetil Andre Aamodt is the only person to win four gold medals and eight total on the slopes. Perhaps most impressive was his incredible endurance, winning his first and final Olympic titles 14 years apart. He was the second-youngest male alpine skier to win an Olympic gold, capturing his first at age 20. 21. Aleksandr Karelin Vintage Grappling/Facebook Country: Soviet Union/Russia/Unified Team Sport: Greco-Roman Wrestling Events: 130 kg Years: 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000 Medals: 4 Key stats: Gold medals in 1988, 1992 and 1996. Silver medal in 2000. Bottom Line: Aleksandr Karelin Aleksandr Karelin FighterIntervws/Twitter Widely regarded as the greatest Greco-Roman wrestler ever, Aleksandr Karelin finished his career with an incredible 887 wins and only two losses and was undefeated over 13 years. Nicknamed the "Russian Bear," "Russian King Kong," "Aleksandr the Great," and "The Experiment," Karelin sought a fourth consecutive gold in 2000, but his quest was thwarted with a 1-0 upset loss to the United States’ Rulon Gardner in the final. 20. Naim Suleymanoglu AP Photo Country: Turkey Sport: Weightlifting Events: 60 and 64 kilograms Years: 1988, 1992, 1996 Medals: 3 Key stats: Gold medals in 60kg events in 1988 and 1992 and gold medal in 64kg event in 1996. Bottom Line: Naim Suleymanoglu Michael Probst/AP Photo Nicknamed "The Pocket Hercules," the 4-foot-10 Turk was awarded The Olympic Order in 2001 in honor of his Olympic feats over three Olympiads. Naim Suleymanoglu lifted 3.16 times his body weight in the clean and jerk at the 1988 Olympics and was the first weightlifter to claim gold medals at three consecutive Olympiads. He finished his career with an incredible 46 world records. 19. Al Oerter AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Track and field Event: Discus Years: 1956, 1960, 1964, 1968 Medals: 4 Key stats: Won gold medals in four consecutive Olympics. Bottom Line: Al Oerter AP Photo Al Oerter was the first athlete to win gold medals in the same event in four consecutive Olympic Games, dominating the discus for more than a decade. He came back from a car crash in 1957 that nearly took his life to win his second gold in 1960 with an Olympic record throw. In 1964, he fought through pain from a neck injury and torn cartilage in his ribs to win his third consecutive title with another Olympic record. At age 32, he claimed his unprecedented fourth straight title, again bettering his own Olympic record. 18. Laszlo Papp Laszlo Papp BoxingHistory/Twitter Country: Hungary Sport: Boxing Events: Middleweight and light middleweight Years: 1948, 1952, 1956 Medals: 3 Key stats: Middleweight gold medal in 1948 and light middleweight gold in 1952 and 1956. Bottom Line: Laszlo Papp H. Babout/AP Photo The first boxer to win gold medals in three consecutive Olympics, Laszlo Papp won 12 of his 13 Olympic bouts without losing a round. In the 1956 Olympic final, he defeated future world pro champion Jose Torres of the United States. During his amateur career, he compiled a record of 301-6-12 with an astounding 55 first-round knockouts. 17. Bob Beamon Bob Beamon letsrundotcom/Twitter Country: United States Sport: Track and field Event: Long jump Year: 1968 Medals: 1 Key stats: Won gold medal in long jump in 1968 with a world record leap of 29 feet, 2.5 inches that stood for 23 years.  Bottom Line: Bob Beamon AP Photo Bob Beamon produced one of the most dominant and memorable individual performances in Olympic history when he shattered the world record in the long jump by an astounding 21.75 inches. His Mexico City jump became one of the most iconic records in the history of sports and wasn’t broken until 1991, when Mike Powell bettered it by 2 inches. The term "Beamonesque" entered the sports lexicon to describe spectacular individual feats. Although Beamon won only one medal in one Olympics, the sheer enormity of his feat ranks him among the most dominant athletes in Olympic history. 16. Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean AP Photo Country: Great Britain Sport: Figure skating Event: Ice dancing Year: 1984, 1994  Medals: 2 Key stats: Gold medal in 1984, bronze medal in 1994. Bottom Line: Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean David Caulkin/AP Photo Like Bob Beamon’s Mexico City long jump, Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean’s performance in Sarajevo in 1984 ranks among the most iconic and dominant singular Olympic feats in the history of the games. They earned the highest scores in figure skating history with their magical performance to "Bolero," earning 12 perfect scores. The maximum marks they received for artistic impression that day have never been repeated in the Olympics. After turning professional following the 1984 Games, they made an Olympic comeback 10 years later, winning bronze in Lillehammer.   15. Gillis Grafstrom Gillis Grafstrom Wikimedia Commons Country: Sweden Sport: Figure skating Event: Men’s singles Years: 1920, 1924, 1928,1932 Medals: 4 Key stats: Won gold medals in 1920, 1924 and 1928. Won silver medal in 1932. Bottom Line: Gillis Grafstrom Wikimedia Commons The only male to win three consecutive figure skating gold medals, Gillis Grafstrom is the most decorated Olympian skater in the history of the sport. His attempt for a fourth consecutive gold in 1932 was derailed when he collided with a photographer on the ice, but he still managed to capture the silver at age 38. He also was known as one of the sport’s great innovators, pioneering the spiral, change sit spin and flying sit spin. 14. Valentina Vezzali Michael Sohn/AP Photo Country: Italy Sport: Fencing Event: Foil Years: 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012 Medals: 9 Key stats: Gold medal in foil team in 1996. Gold medals in foil individual and foil team in 2000. Gold medal in foil individual in 2004. Gold in foil individual in 2008. Gold in foil individual in 2012. Silver medal in foil individual in 1996. Bronze in foil team in 2008. Bronze in foil individual in 2012. Bottom Line: Valentina Vezzali Christophe Ena/AP Photo Nicknamed "Cobra," Valentina Vezzali is one of only four athletes in Summer Olympics history to win five medals in the same individual event. She also is the first fencer to win three individual foil titles in consecutive Olympics (2000, 2004, 2008) and the first woman to win five gold medals in fencing. After her athletic career, she was elected to the Italian Parliament. 13. Florence Griffith-Joyner Track and Field Athletics/Facebook Country: United States Sport: Track and field Event: 100 meters, 200 meters, 400-meter relay Year: 1984, 1988 Medals: 5 Key stats: Gold medals in 100, 200 and 400 relay in 1988. Silver medal in 200 in 1984. Silver in 800 relay in 1988.  Bottom Line: Florence Griffith-Joyner Tom Strickland/AP Photo Considered the fastest woman of all time, Flo-Jo dominated the sprint events at the 1988 Games in Seoul while drawing an international following for her colorful fashion choices, including wearing jewelry while racing and sporting 6-inch-long nails painted red, white and blue. She won the 100 by three-tenths of a second, falling just short of the world record she set at the Olympic trials, and set world records in the semifinals and finals of the 200. Her world records in the 100 and 200 still stand more than 30 years later. She died suddenly at age 38 in 1998 after suffering an epileptic seizure. 12. Larisa Latynina Larisa Latynina JoeFanShow/Twitter Country: Soviet Union Sport: Gymnastics Events: Team, all-around, vault, floor exercise, balance beam Years: 1956. 1960, 1964 Medals: 18 Key stats: Gold medals in team, all-around, vault and floor exercise 1956. Gold in team, all-around and vault in 1960. Gold in team and floor exercise in 1964. Silver in uneven bars in 1956. Silver in uneven bars and balance beam in 1960. Silver in all-around and vault in 1964. Bronze in team, apparatus, in 1956. Bronze in vault in 1960. Bronze in uneven bars and balance beam in 1964. Bottom Line: Larisa Latynina AP Photo Larisa Latynina held the record for most total Olympic medals (18) for 48 years and is the most decorated gymnast in Olympics history. The only gymnast ever to win nine Olympic titles, Latynina was perhaps most responsible for turning the Soviet Union into a gymnastics powerhouse. She also was the first female athlete to win nine Olympic gold medals in any sport. 11. Eric Heiden AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Speedskating Events: 500, 1,000, 1,500, 3,000, 5,000 and 10,000-meter races  Year: 1980 Medals: 5 Key stats: Gold medals in all five events in 1980. Bottom Line: Eric Heiden AP Photo Eric Heiden’s five golds at the 1980 Olympics were more than every nation that competed in the games that year other than the Soviet Union and East Germany. He set five Olympic records, including one world record, during his medal haul that year. He remains the most decorated athlete from a single Winter Olympics in history and is the only athlete to sweep all five long track events at one Olympiad. 10. Mark Spitz Olympic Channel/Facebook Country: United States Sport: Swimming Events: 100 and 200-meter freestyle, 100 and 200-meter butterfly, 400 and 800-meter freestyle relay, 400-meter medley relay. Years: 1968, 1972 Key stats: Gold medals in 400 and 800-meter freestyle relays in 1968. Gold medals in 100 and 200 freestyle, 100 and 200 butterfly, 400 and 800 freestyle relay and 400 medley relay in 1972. Silver medal in 100 butterfly in 1968. Bronze in 100 freestyle in 1968.  Bottom Line: Mark Spitz AP Photo The most accomplished Olympic swimmer before Michael Phelps came along, Mark Spitz is a nine-time Olympic champion. Spitz won all seven of his races at the 1972 Games in world record time, and his seven swimming gold medals at Munich remained a record for 36 years before being broken by Phelps in 2008. Between 1968 and 1972, Spitz set 35 world records and is one of five Olympians to win nine or more career medals. 9. Jesse Owens AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Track and field Events: 100 meters, 200 meters, 400-meter relay, long jump Year: 1936 Medals: 4 Key stats: Gold medals in 100, 200, long jump and 400 relay Bottom Line: Jesse Owens Joe Caneva/AP Photo Jesse Owens' four gold medals at the 1936 Games in Berlin transcended sports, as he shattered Nazi Germany’s myth of Aryan supremacy in front of Adolf Hitler. Owens broke or equaled nine Olympic records and set three world marks at the games. Though he received a ticker-tape parade in New York, Owens continued to face racial prejudice in his own country and was denied an invitation to the White House to celebrate his Olympic triumph. A street and school are now named for him in Berlin, and two U.S. postage stamps were issued in his honor. 8. Marit Bjoergen Matthias Schrader/AP Photo Country: Norway Sport: Cross country skiing Events: Individual and team sprints, skiathlon, freestyle, classical Years: 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2018 Medals: 15 Key stats: Silver medal in 4x5km relay in 2002. Silver in 10km classical in 2006. Gold in individual sprint, 15km pursuit and 4x5km relay and silver in 30km classical in 2010. Gold in 15km skiathlon, 30km freestyle and team sprint in 2014. Gold in 4x5km relay and 30km classical. Silver in 15km skiathlon and bronze in 10km freestyle and team sprint  in 2018.  Bottom Line: Marit Bjoergen Marit Bjoergen Andrew Medichini/AP With 15 career medals, Marit Bjorgen is the most decorated Winter Olympics athlete in history. Her eight gold medals are tied with fellow Norwegians Bjorn Daehlie and Ole Einar Bjoerndalen for most ever in the Winter Games. And Bjoergen won the most medals of any athlete at the 2010 Vancouver Games with three golds, a silver and a bronze. A five-time Olympian, Bjoergen won at least one medal in every Olympics in which she competed before retiring in 2018. 7. Ray Ewry Ray Ewry Wikimedia Commons Country: United States Sport: Track and field Events: Standing long jump, standing high jump and standing triple jump Years: 1900, 1904, 1908 Medals: 8 Key stats: Gold medals in standing long jump, standing high jump and standing triple jump in 1900 and 1904. Gold in standing long jump and standing high jump in 1908. Bottom Line: Ray Ewry Ray Ewry Lafayette Urban Ministry Ray Ewry’s eight individual gold medals stood as the Olympic record for over 100 years, before being finally topped by swimming great Michael Phelps in 2008. It took 108 years for Phelps to top Ewry’s other record of winning three gold medals in two individual events. If not for the fact the standing triple jump was discontinued after 1904, he may well have won three golds in that as well. One record that may never be broken: Ewry won every Olympic competition he entered.  6. Paavo Nurmi Paavo Nurmi Wikimedia Commons Country: Finland Sport: Track and field Events: 1,500 meters, 3,000 meters, 5,000 meters, 3,000 meter steeplechase, cross country Years: 1920, 1924, 1928 Medals: 12 Key stats: Gold medals in 10,000, individual cross country and team cross country in 1920. Gold in 1,500, 5,000, individual cross country, team cross country and 3,000 team in 1924. Gold in 10,000 in 1928. Silver medal in 5,000 in 1920, silver in 5,000 and 3,000-meter steeplechase in 1928. Bottom Line: Paavo Nurmi Paavo Nurmi IMDb The "Flying Finn" was the dominant distance runner of the early 20th century, setting 22 world records to go with his 12 Olympic medals (nine gold). Paavo Nurmi's most impressive Olympic feat came in the 1924 cross country final that was run in 113-degree heat in Paris. All but 15 of the 38 competitors abandoned the race, with eight carried away in stretchers, but Nurmi had little trouble with the conditions and won by nearly a minute and a half. 5. Jackie Joyner-Kersee John Gaps III/AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Track and field Events: Heptathlon, long jump Years: 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996 Medals: 6 Key stats: Gold medals in heptathlon and long jump in 1988. Gold in heptathlon in 1992. Silver medal in heptathlon in 1984. Bronze medal in long jump in 1992. Bronze in long jump in 1996.  Bottom Line: Jackie Joyner-Kersee Lennox McLendon/AP Photo Considered by some to be the greatest female athlete of all time, Jackie Joyner-Kersee still holds the world heptathlon record, set at the 1988 Olympics, when she totaled 7,291 points. At the same games, she set an Olympic record by winning the long jump with a leap of 24 feet, 3 ¼ inches. Her hopes of winning a third consecutive heptathlon gold in 1996 were derailed when an injury sustained at the Olympic trials forced her to withdraw after one event. She nevertheless fought through the pain to capture a bronze in the long jump in her final Olympic competition.  4. Nadia Comaneci Suzanne Vlamis/AP Photo Country: Romania Sport: Gymnastics Events: Team, all-around, balance beam, floor exercise, uneven bars Years: 1976, 1980 Medals: 9 Key stats: Gold medals in all-around, uneven bars and balance beam, silver in team and bronze in floor exercise in 1976. Gold in balance beam and floor exercise and silver in all-around and team in 1980.  Bottom Line: Nadia Comaneci AP Photo Perhaps the most famous gymnast ever, Nadia Comaneci made history in 1976 by earning the first perfect 10s at an Olympics. She received seven perfect scores in all en route to winning three individual gold medals at the Montreal Games and became the youngest all-around Olympic champion ever at age 14. Comaneci came back four years later to earn two more gold medals and two more perfect 10s at the Moscow Olympics. 3. Carl Lewis Dave Tenenbaum/AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Track and field Events: 100 meters, 200 meters, 400-meter relay, long jump  Years: 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996 Medals: 10 Key stats: Gold medals in 100, 200, 400 relay and long jump in 1984. Gold in 100 and long jump and silver in 200 in 1988. Gold in long jump and 400 relay in 1992. Gold in long jump in 1996. Bottom Line: Carl Lewis Dieter Endlicher/AP Photo One of the greatest track and field athletes in history, Carl Lewis first achieved Olympic fame in 1984, when he duplicated Jesse Owens’ feat by winning gold medals in the 100 and 200 sprints, 400 relay and long jump. His medal haul continued over the next three Olympiads, particularly in the long jump, where he is one of only three Olympians to win four consecutive golds in the same event. Lewis put together a streak of 65 consecutive wins in the long jump over 10 years. He may be best remembered, however, for the gold medal he won despite crossing the finish line second. His 100-meter duel with Canada’s Ben Johnson was the story of the 1988 Olympics, with Johnson setting a world record before being disqualified for failing a drug test, allowing Lewis to retain the title of world’s fastest man. 2. Usain Bolt Anja Niedringhaus/AP Photo Country: Jamaica Sport: Track and field Events: 100 meters, 200, 400 relay Years:  2008, 2012, 2016 Medals: 8 Key stats: Gold medals in 100 and 200 in 2008, 2012 and 2016. Gold medals in 400 relay in 2012 and 2016. Bottom Line: Usain Bolt Robert F. Bukaty/AP Photo The undisputed fastest man in history, Usain Bolt dominated the sprint events at three consecutive Olympiads, becoming an international sensation in the process. He completed a triple-double by capturing the 100 and 200 in dominating fashion in three consecutive Olympics, the first athlete ever to accomplish the feat. Known for his showmanship during races, Bolt burst on the Olympic scene in 2008, easily winning the 100 in a world record time despite slowing up to celebrate near the end of the race. He followed that up with another world record in the 200 despite running into a headwind.  1. Michael Phelps Mark Baker/AP Photo Country: United States Sport: Swimming Events: 100- and 200-meter butterfly, 200-meter freestyle, 400- and 800-meter individual medley; 400- and 800-meter freestyle relay, 400-meter medley relay  Years: 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 Medals: 28 Key stats: Gold medals in 100 butterfly, 200 butterfly, 200 individual medley, 400 individual medley, 800 freestyle relay and 400 medley relay in 2004. Gold in 200 freestyle, 100 and 200 butterfly, 400 and 800 individual medley, 400 and 800 freestyle relay and 400 medley relay in 2008. Gold in 100 butterfly, 200 individual medley, 800 freestyle relay and 400 medley relay in 2012. Gold in 200 butterfly, 200 individual medley, 400 and 800 freestyle relay and 400 medley relay in 2016. Silver medals in 200 butterfly and 400 freestyle relay in 2012. Silver in 100 butterfly in 2016. Bronze medals in 200 freestyle and 400 freestyle relay in 2004.  Bottom Line: Michael Phelps Matt Slocum/AP Photo Without question, the greatest swimmer in history and most decorated Olympian, Michael Phelps is the clear No. 1 choice. He holds the Olympic records for most total medals (28), total gold medals (23), individual event medals (16) and individual gold medals (13). The highlight of his Olympic career came in 2008, when he topped Mark Spitz’s record of seven gold medals in a single Olympics with eight in Beijing. Seven of his eight titles during those games came in world record time, and the eighth set an Olympic record. With his legacy already secured, Phelps continued his dominance by winning an additional 12 Olympic medals (nine gold) at the 2012 and 2016 Games.

  • Condition: In Excellent Condition
  • Denomination: Usain Bolt
  • Year of Issue: 2024
  • Time Period: 2000s
  • Fineness: 0.5
  • Collection: Usain Bolt
  • Features: Commemorative
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: United Kingdom
  • Country of Origin: Great Britain
  • Colour: Gold

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